O independentismo de Turquestán Oriental (en uigur : شەرقىي تۈركىستان مۇستەقىللىق ھەرىكىتى ; en chinés : 东突厥斯坦独立运动 ) é un movemento político que busca a independencia de Turquestán Oriental , unha enorme rexión no noroeste da China e o fogar do pobo uigur . O pobo uigur é un pobo turco no canto de etnia sinítica (como a maioría han do resto da China). A rexión está actualmente administrada como unha subdivisión a nivel provincial da República Popular Chinesa (RPC), baixo o nome oficial de Xinjiang . Dentro do movemento independentista, hai un amplo apoio para que a rexión sexa renomeada, xa que "Xinjiang" (que significa "nova fronteira" en chinés) é visto polos independentistas como un nome colonial. "Turquestán Oriental" é o nome proposto máis coñecido. "Uigurstán" é outro nome proposto coñecido.
Kök Bayraq deveu nun símbolo do movemento de independencia de Turquestán Oriental.
Xinjiang estivo baixo o control dun réxime chinés desde a dinastía Han (hai 2.000 anos). No 101 a.C., o exército da dinastía Han comezou a acumular campos en plataformas de rodas, canles e arados, etc. Máis tarde, estendeuse a todas as partes de Xinjiang. Cada punto de acantonamento converteuse na área de distribución inicial para o pobo han despois de entrar en Xinjiang. Despois do estabelecemento da capital das rexións occidentais, Hufu , no ano 60 a. C., o pobo han entrou continuamente en Xinjiang.
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