Ùranas (planaid)

Is Ùranas no Urànus (o Οὐρανός Sheann-Ghreugais tro Uranus Laideann) an t-seachdamh planaid on ghrian. Tha an treas rèideas planaideach as motha agus an ceathramh tomad planaideach as motha aige san rian-grèine againn. Tha stuthan Ùranais coltach ri stuthan Neaptuin, ach tha na stuthan ceimigeach aca diofraichte on fheadhainn aig na famhairean gasa nas motha, siud am Bliogh agus Satarn. 'S ann air an adhbhar seo gun cuir na h-eòlaichean "fuamhairean deighe" air Ùranas agus Neaptun gus an diofar eatorra is na fuamhairean gas a nochdadh. Tha àile Ùranais coltach ri feadhainn a' Bhliogh agus Satairn on a tha a' mhòrchuid dhe 'na hàidhdreaidean is hilium ach tha barrachd "deighean" aige mar uisge, amòinia agus methan cho math ri lorgan hàidhdrea-charbonan eile.^[10] 'S e an t-àile planaideach as fhuaire sa rian-ghrèine a th' ann agus is 49 K (−224.2 °C) an teothachd as lugh agus tha breathan neòil iom-fhillte aige. Thathar dhen bheachd gu bheil an t-uisge pailt sna neòil as ìsle agus methan sna neòil as àirde.^[10] Tha a' mhòrchuid dhe mheadhan Ùranais 'na dheighean is clach.^[9]

"Uranus" ath-sheòlaidhean an seo. Airson cleachdaidhean eile, faic Uranus (soilleireachadh).

Ùranas
Clàr Ùranais gun fheartan, seo dealbh a chaidh a thogail le Voyager 2 ann an 1986
Lorg
Chaidh a lorg le	William Herschel
Latha an luirg	13 dhen Mhàrt 1781
Feartan na cuairte (Ceann-aimsir J2000) [1]
Aphelion	20.11 AU (3,008 Gm)
Perihelion	18.33 AU (2,742 Gm)
Aiseal dàrnach	19.2184 AU (2,875.04 Gm)
Neo-mheadhanachd	0.046 381
Ùine na cuairte	84.0205 bliadhna Iulianach 30,688.5 latha[2] 42,718 làithean-grèine Ùranais[3]
Ùine co-nasgach	369.66 latha
Luaths cuibheasach na reul-cuairte	6.80 km/s
Neo-choitcheannachd meadhain	142.238 600°
Claonadh	0.773° an coimeas na h-èicliptich 6.48° an coimeas crios-meadhain na Grèine 1.02° an coimeas plèana neo-chaochlaideach[4]
Domhan-fhad an nòd-dìridh	74.006°
Argamaid a' perihelion	96.998 857°
Saidealan air a bheil sinn eòlach	27
Feartan fiosaigeach
Rèideas meadhain	25,362±7 km[5]
Rèideas meadhan-chriosach	25,559±4 km 4.007 uiread dhen Talamh[5]
Rèideas pòlarach	24,973±20 km 3.929 uiread dhen Talamh[5]
Leathnachadh	0.0229±0.0008[5]
Cearcall-thomhas	159,354.1 km[2]
Farsaingeachd an uachdair	8.1156 × 109 km2[2] 15.91 uiread dhen Talamh
Tomhas lìonaidh	6.833 × 1013 km3[6] 63.086 uiread dhen Talamh
Tomad	(8.6810±0.0013)×1025 kg 14.536 uiread dhen Talamh[7] GM=5,793,939±13 km3/s2
Dùmhlachd meadhain	1.27 g/cm3[6]
Iom-tharraing air an uachdair	8.69 m/s2[6] 0.886 g
Luaths teichidh	21.3 km/s[6]
Ùine a' chuir reultaich	0.718 33 là 17 u 14 m 24 d[5]
Luaths cuir an reul-chriosa	2.59 km/s 9,320 km/h[6]
Claonadh an aiseil	97.77° an coimeas na reul-cuairte[6]
Dìreadh deas a' phòla a tuath	17u 9m 15d 257.311°[5]
Dì-chlaonadh a' phòla a tuath	−15.175°[5]
Albedo	0.300 (Bond) 0.51 (geomatrach)[6]
Meudachd lèirsinneach	5.9[8] gu 5.32[6]
Trast-thomhas ceàrnach	3.3″ gu 4.1″[6]
Teothachd	Air ìre 1 bhàr[9] Meadhain: 76 K (−197.2 °C) 0.1 bàr (tropo-stad)[10] As ìsle: 47 K Meadhain: 53 K As àirde: 57 K
Àile [10][11][12]
Àirde sgèilidh	27.7 km[6]
Stuthan	(Fo 1.3 bàr) Gasan: 83 ± 3% hàidhdreaidean (H2) 15 ± 3% helium (He) 2.3% methan (CH4) 0.009% (0.007–0.015%) hàidhdreaidean deuteride (HD) Deighean: amòinia uisge amòinium hàidhdrea-suilfid methan hydrate

Chan fhaicear Ùranas leis an t-siùil lom ach gu fann. Chaidh a lorg le William Herschel. 'S e planaid uaine/glas a tha ann.

Gealaichean Ùranais

Chaidh na gealaichean ainmicheadh air caractaran anns na h-obraichean William Shakespeare agus Alexander Pope.

Lorg William Herschel Oberon is Titania ann an 1787. Lorg William Lassell Ariel agus Umbriel, agus Lorg Gerard Kuiper a' choigeamh ghealach, Miranda, ann an 1948. Nuair a bha Voyager 2 air chuairt air Ùranas lorg e deich gealaichean eile: Juliet, Puck, Cordelia, Ophelia, Bianca, Desdemona, Portia, Rosalind, Cressida is Belinda.^[13] Chaidh gealaichean a bharrachd a lorg le teileasgopan air Thalamh no ann an dealbhan bho Voyager 2: Caliban is Sycorax ann an 1997, Stephano, Prospero agus Setebos ann an 1999, Ferdinand, Francisco agus Trinculo ann an 2001 agus Mab, Cupid is Margaret ann an 2003.^[14]

Ceanglaichean a-mach

• Mac IllEathain, Iain: “An Cruinne-Cè: 2023”, Naidheachdan a' BhBC. 20mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2023. Air a thogail 29mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2023. 
• Mac IllEathain, Iain: “An Cruinne Cè: Neamhnaid Fhuar”, Naidheachdan a' BhBC. 28mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2023. Air a thogail 29mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2023. 

Iomraidhean

Commons

Tha dealbhan ann an Wikimedia Commons cuideachd a tha ceangailte ris an aiste seo:

Ùranas

1. Simon, J.L., Bretagnon, P.; Chapront, J.; Chapront-Touzé, M.; Francou, G.; Laskar, J. (Gearran 1994): “Numerical expressions for precession formulae and mean elements for the Moon and planets,” ann an: Astronomy and Astrophysics, leabhar 282, àir. 2, td. 663–683. Bibcode: 1994A&A...282..663S.
2. Munsell, Kirk (2007-05-14). "NASA: Solar System Exploration: Planets: Uranus: Facts & Figures". NASA. Retrieved 2007-08-13.
3. Seligman, Courtney. "Rotation Period and Day Length". Retrieved 2009-12-08.
4. "The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter". 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2009-04-10. (chaidh a dhèanamh le Solex 10 air a sgrìobhadh le Aldo Vitagliano)
5. Seidelmann, P. Kenneth, Archinal, Brent A.; A'Hearn, Michael F.; Conrad, Albert R.; Consolmagno, Guy J.; Hestroffer, Daniel; Hilton, James L.; Krasinsky, Georgij A.; Neumann, Gregory A.; Oberst, Jürgen; Stooke, Philip J.; Tedesco, Edward F.; Tholen, David J.; Thomas, Peter C.; Williams, Iwan P. (2007): “Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006,” ann an: Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, leabhar 98, àir. 3, td. 155–180. Bibcode: 2007CeMDA..98..155S. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y.
6. Williams, Dr. David R. (2005-01-31). "Uranus Fact Sheet". NASA. Retrieved 2007-08-10.
7. Jacobson, R. A., Campbell, J. K.; Taylor, A. H.; Synnott, S. P. (Ògmhios 1992): “The masses of Uranus and its major satellites from Voyager tracking data and earth-based Uranian satellite data,” ann an: The Astronomical Journal, leabhar 103, àir. 6, td. 2068–2078. Bibcode: 1992AJ....103.2068J. doi:10.1086/116211.
8. Espenak, Fred (2005). "Twelve Year Planetary Ephemeris: 1995–2006". NASA. Archived from the original on 2007-06-26. Retrieved 2007-06-14.
9. Podolak, M., Weizman, A.; Marley, M. (Dùblachd 1995): “Comparative models of Uranus and Neptune,” ann an: Planetary and Space Science, leabhar 43, àir. 12, td. 1517–1522. Bibcode: 1995P&SS...43.1517P. doi:10.1016/0032-0633(95)00061-5.
10. Lunine, Jonathan I. (Sultain 1993): “The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune,” ann an: Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, leabhar 31, td. 217–263. Bibcode: 1993ARA&A..31..217L. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.001245.
11. Lindal, G. F., Lyons, J. R.; Sweetnam, D. N.; Eshleman, V. R.; Hinson, D. P.; Tyler, G. L. (30mh dhen Dùbhlachd 1987): “The Atmosphere of Uranus: Results of Radio Occultation Measurements with Voyager 2,” ann an: American Geophysical Union (Foills.): Journal of Geophysical Research, leabhar 92, àir. A13, td. 14,987–15,001. ISSN 0148-0227. Bibcode: 1987JGR....9214987L. doi:10.1029/JA092iA13p14987.
12. Conrath, B., Gautier, D.; Hanel, R.; Lindal, G.; Marten, A. (1987): “The Helium Abundance of Uranus from Voyager Measurements,” ann an: Journal of Geophysical Research, leabhar 92, àir. A13, td. 15003–15010. Bibcode: 1987JGR....9215003C. doi:10.1029/JA092iA13p15003.
13. “In Depth | Uranus Moons”. NASA. Air a thogail 21mh dhen Iuchar 2020.
14. “The Moons of Uranus”. Smithsonian Air and Space Museum. Air a thogail 21mh dhen Iuchar 2020.

An Crios-Grèine

Planaidean	Mearcar • An Rìbhinn/Bhèineas • An Talamh (A' Ghealach*) • An Corg/Màrs • Am Bliogh/Iupatar • Satarn • Ùranas - Neaptun
Fo-phlanaidean	Plùto • Sedna • Ceres • Eris • Makemake • Haumea
Eile	Grian • Crios Reultan Seachrain • Reultan earballach • Crios Kuiper • Diosg Sgapte • Neul Oort • 2003 UB313
* Chan e planaid a th' anns A' Ghealach ach saideal ann an reul-eòlas seach anns an t-siostam Ptolemy.