Gluaiseacht Ghiúdach Eorpach san ochtú céad déag ab ea HaskalahHaskala. Chuir Moses Mendelssohn (1729-86), a raibh cónaí air i mBeirlín na Gearmáine, an ghluaiseacht ar bun. Theastaigh uaidh glacadh le fealsúnacht na hEagnaíochta, agus fuascailt agus imeascadh na nGiúdach a chur chun cinn.

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1. Proto-Haskalah: Raphael Levi HannoverSolomon DubnoTobias CohnMarcus Elieser Bloch
2. Beirlín Haskalah: Salomon Jacob CohenDavid FriedländerHartwig WesselyMoses Mendelssohn
3. An Ostair agus ar Gailise: Judah Löb MiesesSolomon Judah Loeb RapoportJoseph PerlBaruch Jeitteles
4. An Rúis: Avrom Ber GotloberAbraham MapuSamuel Joseph FuennIsaac Baer Levinsohn

Daoine a bhain leis

  • Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1786)
  • David Friedländer (1750–1834)
  • Isaac Euchel (1756–1804)
  • Israel Jacobson (1768–1828)
  • Julius Fürst (1805–1873)
  • Aaron Halle-Wolfssohn (1754–1835)
  • Joseph Perl (1773–1839)

Tagairtí

Leabharliosta

Naisc

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