Ranavirus

Classification ICTV
Realm	Varidnaviria
Règne	Bamfordvirae
Embranchement	Nucleocytoviricota
Classe	Megaviricetes
Ordre	Pimascovirales
Famille	Iridoviridae
Sous-famille	Alphairidovirinae

Ranavirus est un genre de virus à ADN qui causent des nécroses hématopoïétiques épizootiques.

Faits en bref Realm, Règne ...

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Ces virus touchent les animaux aquatiques comme les poissons (dont marins^[2]) et les amphibiens (mort par hémorragie internes, avec symptômes d'ulcérations de la peau) ainsi que des reptiles (aux États-Unis, en Australie^[3]).

Ils sont source de maladies émergentes^[4] a priori impliquées dans le déclin général des amphibiens^[4] ; tous les écosystèmes ne sont pas concernés, mais le virus s'étend, imposant des mesures prophylactiques^[5]. On en découvre régulièrement de nouveaux isolats^[6]

Ces virus ont été isolés depuis la fin des années 1990 chez divers amphibiens^[7]^,^[8]^,^[9], on pense que certains d'entre eux sont responsables ou coresponsables de taux de mortalité extrêmement élevés et localisés d'amphibiens^[10] en Amérique du Nord, mais aussi en Europe, de l'Espagne ^[11] au Danemark^[12], en passant par le Royaume-Uni^[13]^,^[14], la Belgique^[15]. On trouve ces virus en Asie aussi, jusqu'au Japon^[16].

Depuis la fin des années 2000, des ranavirus déciment des reptiles et amphibiens aux États-Unis^[17]^,^[18]^,^[19].

[1]
ICTV. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Taxonomy history. Published on the Internet https://talk.ictvonline.org/., consulté le 1er février 2021
[2]
Evira, Ranaviruses from edible frog, cod and turbot
[3]
Australian wildlife health network, Ranaviruses in wild reptiles in Australia, 05/02/10
[4]
Diversity, Emerging Ranaviral Infectious Diseases and Amphibian Decline ; 2010, 2, 314-330
[5]
(fr) « Code sanitaire pour les animaux aquatiques », sur oie.org, organisation mondiale de la santé animale
[6]
Mao J, Hedrick RP, Chichar VB. Molecular characterization, sequence analysis, and taxonomic position of newly isolated fish iridoviruses. Virology. 1997;229:212–20.
[7]
Cunningham, A. A., T. E. S. Langton, P. M. Bennett, J. F. Lewin, S. E. N. Drury, R. E. Gough, and S. K. Macgregor. 1996. Pathological and microbiological findings from incidents of unusual mortality of the common frog (Rana temporaria). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 351:1539-1557.
[8]
Zupanovic, Z., C. Musso, G. Lopez, C. L. Louriero, A. D. Hyatt, S. Hengstberger, and A. J. Robinson. 1998. Isolation and characterization of iridoviruses from the giant toad Bufo marinus in Venezuela. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 33:1-9.
[9]
Mao, J., D. E. Green, G. Fellers, and V. G. Chinchar. 1999. Molecular characterization of iridoviruses isolated from sympatric amphibians and fish. Virus Research 63:45-52.
[10]
Iridoviruses (Ranavirus spp.) have been recently isolated in several other amphibians (Zupanovic et al. 1998, Mao et al. 1999) and have been associated with disease outbreaks in both captive and wild populations (Chinchar 2002)
[11]
Balseiro A, Dalton KP, Del Cerro A, Marquez I, Cunningham AA, Parra F, Pathology, Isolation and molecular characterisation of a ranavirus from the common midwife toad Alytes obstetricans on the Iberian Peninsula. Dis Aquat Organ. 2009;84:95–104
[12]
Ariel E, Kielgast J, Svart HE, Larsen K, Tapiovaara H, Jensen BB, Ranavirus in wild edible frogs Pelophylax kl. esculentus in Denmark. Dis Aquat Organ. 2009;85:7–14.
[13]
Eurekalert, Killer disease decimates UK frog populations (Ranavirus), 07/10/10
[14]
The Independent, Ranavirus:It's a frog's life - As a new virus cuts a swathe through their numbers, Gillian Orr discovers that we are only starting to unlock the secrets of these alluring amphibians ; 12/10/2010
[15]
Sharifian-Fard M, Pasmans F, Adriaensen C, Devisscher S, Adriaens T, Louette G, et al. Ranavirosis in invasive bullfrogs, Belgium [letter]. Emerg Infect Dis ; 2011 Dec
[16]
CDC EID - JUILLET 2009, Ranavirus Outbreak in North American Bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana), Japan, 2008
[17]
Science Daily, Killer Disease Decimates UK Frog Populations, 08/10/10
[18]
Voice of america, Reptiles, Amphibians in US Succumbing to Deadly Ranavirus ; 13/04/12 et Vidéo sur YouTube
[19]
Southeastern parc amphibian and reptile conservation, Amphibian ranavirus in the southeastern United States, 2010

(en) Référence ICTV : Ranavirus (consulté le 1^er février 2021)

Articles connexes

Bibliographie

Fijan N, Matasin Z, Petrinec Z, Valpotiç I, Zwillenberg LO. Isolation of an iridovirus-like agent from the green frog (Rana esculenta L.). Vet Arch Zagreb. 1991;3:151–8.
Cunningham AA, Langton TES, Bennet PM, Lewin JF, Drury SEN, Gough RE, Pathological and microbiological findings from incidents of unusual mortality of the common frog (Rana temporaria). Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1996;351:1539–57.
Hyatt AD, Gould AR, Zupanovic Z, Cunningham AA, Hengstberger S, Whittington RJ, Comparative studies of piscine and amphibian iridoviruses. Arch Virol. 2000;145:301–31.
Ficetola GF, Coic C, Detaint M, Berroneau M, Lorvelec O, Miaud C. Pattern of distribution of the American bullfrog Rana catesbeiana in Europe. Biol Invasions. 2007;9:767–72.
Schloegel LM, Ferreira CM, James TY, Hipolito M, Longcore JE, Hyatt AD, The North American bullfrog as a reservoir for the spread of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Brazil. Anim Conserv. 2010;13(S1):53–61.
Daszak P, Strieby A, Cunningham AA, Longcore JE, Brown CC, Porter D. Experimental evidence that the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) is a potential carrier of chytridiomycosis, an emerging fungal disease of amphibians. Herpetol J. 2004;14:201–7.
Miller DL, Gray MJ, Rajeev S, Schmutzer AC, Burton EC, Merril A, Pathological findings in larval and juvenile anurans inhabiting farm ponds in Tennessee, USA. J Wildl Dis. 2009;45:314–24.
Université de Londres, 2009, Thèse en ligne : Ranavirus ecology in common frogs (Rana Temporaria) from United Kingdom: transmission dynamics, alternate hosts and host-strain interactions.

Liens externes

(en) OIE - 2011<http://www.oie.int/fr/normes-internationales/code-aquatique/acces-en-ligne/ Code sanitaire pour les animaux aquatiques - Ranavirus]
(en) PLOS, Context-Dependent Effects of Ranaviral Infection on Northern Leopard Frog Life History Traits, 02/11/11;
(en) Royal society biology letter, Ranavirus: past, present and future28/10/10
(en) Université du Tennessee, Global Ranavirus Consortium ; 2011
(en) Ecopathology of Ranaviruses Infecting Amphibians ; Viruses 2011, 3(11), 2351-2373;
(en) Université de l'Illinois, Présentation : Ranavirus in Chelonians of North America ; 16/07/2011
(en) WSU, Ranavirus Herpetological Review 42(1), 2011
(en) Widespread Occurrence of Ranavirus in Pond-Breeding Amphibian Populations ; Ecohealth. 2011 Dec 16.
(en) Environmental persistence of amphibian and reptilian ranaviruses, Dis Aquat Organ. 2012 Apr 26;98(3):177-84.

Présentation

Université du Tennessee, Présentation [<http://fwf.ag.utk.edu/mgray/wfs493/Lectures/Ranavirus12.pdf Ecology and Pathology of Ranaviruses]

[ICTV1er_février_2021-1] [1]
ICTV. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Taxonomy history. Published on the Internet https://talk.ictvonline.org/., consulté le 1er février 2021

[2] [2]
Evira, Ranaviruses from edible frog, cod and turbot

[3] [3]
Australian wildlife health network, Ranaviruses in wild reptiles in Australia, 05/02/10

[DeclinAmph-4] [4]
Diversity, Emerging Ranaviral Infectious Diseases and Amphibian Decline ; 2010, 2, 314-330

[5] [5]
(fr) « Code sanitaire pour les animaux aquatiques », sur oie.org, organisation mondiale de la santé animale

[6] [6]
Mao J, Hedrick RP, Chichar VB. Molecular characterization, sequence analysis, and taxonomic position of newly isolated fish iridoviruses. Virology. 1997;229:212–20.

[7] [7]
Cunningham, A. A., T. E. S. Langton, P. M. Bennett, J. F. Lewin, S. E. N. Drury, R. E. Gough, and S. K. Macgregor. 1996. Pathological and microbiological findings from incidents of unusual mortality of the common frog (Rana temporaria). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 351:1539-1557.

[8] [8]
Zupanovic, Z., C. Musso, G. Lopez, C. L. Louriero, A. D. Hyatt, S. Hengstberger, and A. J. Robinson. 1998. Isolation and characterization of iridoviruses from the giant toad Bufo marinus in Venezuela. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 33:1-9.

[9] [9]
Mao, J., D. E. Green, G. Fellers, and V. G. Chinchar. 1999. Molecular characterization of iridoviruses isolated from sympatric amphibians and fish. Virus Research 63:45-52.

[10] [10]
Iridoviruses (Ranavirus spp.) have been recently isolated in several other amphibians (Zupanovic et al. 1998, Mao et al. 1999) and have been associated with disease outbreaks in both captive and wild populations (Chinchar 2002)

[11] [11]
Balseiro A, Dalton KP, Del Cerro A, Marquez I, Cunningham AA, Parra F, Pathology, Isolation and molecular characterisation of a ranavirus from the common midwife toad Alytes obstetricans on the Iberian Peninsula. Dis Aquat Organ. 2009;84:95–104

[12] [12]
Ariel E, Kielgast J, Svart HE, Larsen K, Tapiovaara H, Jensen BB, Ranavirus in wild edible frogs Pelophylax kl. esculentus in Denmark. Dis Aquat Organ. 2009;85:7–14.

[13] [13]
Eurekalert, Killer disease decimates UK frog populations (Ranavirus), 07/10/10

[14] [14]
The Independent, Ranavirus:It's a frog's life - As a new virus cuts a swathe through their numbers, Gillian Orr discovers that we are only starting to unlock the secrets of these alluring amphibians ; 12/10/2010

[15] [15]
Sharifian-Fard M, Pasmans F, Adriaensen C, Devisscher S, Adriaens T, Louette G, et al. Ranavirosis in invasive bullfrogs, Belgium [letter]. Emerg Infect Dis ; 2011 Dec

[16] [16]
CDC EID - JUILLET 2009, Ranavirus Outbreak in North American Bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana), Japan, 2008

[17] [17]
Science Daily, Killer Disease Decimates UK Frog Populations, 08/10/10

[18] [18]
Voice of america, Reptiles, Amphibians in US Succumbing to Deadly Ranavirus ; 13/04/12 et Vidéo sur YouTube

[19] [19]
Southeastern parc amphibian and reptile conservation, Amphibian ranavirus in the southeastern United States, 2010

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Articles connexes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Présentation

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Ranavirus

Articles connexes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Présentation

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Histoire

Notes et références

Référence biologique

Voir aussi

Realm	Varidnaviria
Règne	Bamfordvirae
Embranchement	Nucleocytoviricota
Classe	Megaviricetes
Ordre	Pimascovirales
Famille	Iridoviridae
Sous-famille	Alphairidovirinae