En música, cuarta armónica consiste en una estructura de acorde diferente al de la cuarta perfecta, la cuarta aumentada o la cuarta disminuida. Una quinta armónica difiere así mismo de una quinta perfecta, aumentada o disminuida.
El uso de los términos cuarta y quinta surge del contraste compositivo o perceptivo con las estructuras armónicas tercianas. Los oyentes familiarizados con la música del periodo de práctica común perciben la música tonal cuando se utilizan acordes y escalas mayores y menores, en todos los que la tercera mayor o menor constituye la estructura básica de la armonía.
Quinta armónica es un término menos utilizado, ya que constituye una inversión o complemento de la cuarta, que habitualmente no se lo distingue de la cuarta armónica. De hecho, un círculo de quintas puede componerse en cuartas (Sol→Do→Fa→Si♭ etc. es quinta cuándo se toca hacia abajo y cuarta cuando se toca hacia arriba); esto es la razón por la que los teóricos modernos pueden hablar de un círculo de cuartas.
Clásico
William Albright
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