Usuario:Lordthe6/Cities and towns during the Syrian Civil War
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Siria se subdivide de manera jerárquica en:
- 14 gobernaciones
- 65 distritos
Name | Population | District | Held by | History during the Syrian Civil War |
---|---|---|---|---|
Idlib | 98,791 | Idlib District | y | Additional armored and artillery units arrived outside Idlib by 11 March and began deploying into the city by 12 March. On 12 February 2012, the entire city of Idlib was under opposition control, but was preparing for an attack by the government.[1] In mid-March 2012, rebels in Idlib offered stiff resistance but could not defeat the military’s tanks and the city fell in a matter of days.[2] As of 7 June 2012, the edges of the city and the surrounding areas belong to the rebels.[3]
On 20 January 2013 a coordinated attack on Idlib city was begun by the FSA. They overran several checkpoints on the Western edges of Idlib, one attack at Rodoko checkpoint led to the killing of 15 Syrian Army soldiers (the rest fled on foot) and allowed rebels to capture 3 tanks and the checkpoints weapons cache.[4] Furthermore rebels could start to siege the central prison of Idlib, which holds more than 600 inmates.[5] On 28 March 2015 the rebel coalition Jaish Al-Fatah captured Idlib City. See also: 2011–2012 Idlib Governorate clashes, February 2012 Idlib Operation, Battle of Idlib and Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2012–April 2013), 2014 Idlib offensive, al-Nusra Front–SRF/Hazzm Movement conflict, Idlib Governorate clashes (January–March 2017), Idlib Governorate clashes (July 2017). |
Ariha | 39,501 | Arihah District | y | See Ariha (Syrian Civil War). |
Harem | 21,934 | Harem District | y | Harem is situated exactly on the border of Turkey. Since June 2012, the government has maintained control.[2][6] In October, the FSA gained control of the town.[7] Army troops remain surrounded in the town’s citadel. On 25 December, the FSA gained complete control over the town after government forces that were surrounded in the town's ancient citadel surrendered after a 70-day siege.[8] In December 2013, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant announced its entire control over Harem.[9] By January 2014, clashes were on going in the town as part of the Syrian opposition–Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant conflict. |
Jisr al-Shughur | 39,917 | Jisr ash-Shugur District | n | See Jisr al-Shughur (Syrian Civil War). |
Maarrat al-Nu'man | 58,008 | Maarat al-Numaan District | y | See Maarrat al-Nu'man (Syrian Civil War). |
Azmarin | 3,720 | Harem District | y | ln June 2012, FSA was reported to have control of this town located on the border with Turkey.[2] At a later date, FSA lost control of the town. On 14 October, rebels recaptured it after a three-day siege. Remaining government soldiers fled during the night, some across the Turkish border and into Turkish custody. Dr. Ghnnam worked as a urologist in Azmarin before taking command of rebel forces in the town.[6] |
Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing | — | Harem District | y | It is a frequent place of crossing for Syrians trying to reach the refugee camp in nearby Reyhanlı.[10] Drivers complained in December 2011 that they had been stalled at the crossing for days after customs officials stopped allowing vehicles with Turkish registrations to enter Syria.[11] The crossing is a major route for smuggling, particularly oil and gas, and has seen a dramatic rise in weapons smuggling.[12] On 19 July 2012, the FSA with 200 fighters seized the border crossing and defaced images of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.[13][14][15][16] On 22 July 2012, Turkish armed forces further restricted border crossings of their own nationals.[17] Crisply dressed rebels check passports of new arrivals, enter names into computers and extend a welcome hand to "Free Syria."[18] In mid-August 2012, FSA fighters attacked tanks and helicopters from the government near the Turkish border, foiling an attempt to take over the Bab al-Hawa border gateway.[19] By early December 2013, fighters from the Islamic Front ousted FSA-aligned fighters from the border crossing.[20] |
Binnish | 21,848 | Idlib District | y | Binnish has been a major protest hub. On 13 October 2011, clashes were reported in the city.[21] FSA takes control in December 2011–January 2012. The Syrian Army then later assaulted Idlib city in March 2012 in a major operation. As early as 23 March, it was reported Binnish was one of their next targets.[22] Binnish is on a hill, so it is harder to assault. The Syrian Army had agreed to Kofi Annan's peace plan and to withdraw troops by 10 April. By 3 April, CNN reported the Syrian Army was assaulting Binnish with tanks and helicopters.[23] On 4 April 2012, the Syrian Army was still shelling Binnish with citizens fleeing the city.[24] In June, the government has control.[2] In November, the town was under rebel control.[25] In March 2013, it was reported that rebels in Binnish have negotiated a limited ceasefire with regime forces in nearby Idlib, in which the regime abstains from shelling the town in exchange for opposition assurances that they will not attack a village of minorities nearby[26] By November 2013, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant was in full control of the town.[27] In January 2014, army begin operation against rebel positions in Binnish.[28] |
Al-Dana | 14,208 | Harem District | y | Since July 2012, it is under FSA control.[29] However, al-Jazeera reported that the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant controlled entirely the town since early July 2013.[30][31] ISIS rebels withdrew from Al-Dana.[32] See also:Syrian opposition–Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant conflict. |
Darkush | 5,295 | Jisr al-Shughur District | y | on 28 March 2012, it was reported that two British journalists of Algerian descent, Nassim Terreri and Walid Bledi, were killed by the pro-government militia Shabiha in this town located on the border with Turkey. The freelance journalists were filming a documentary about refugees fleeing the violence.[33] ln June 2012, FSA was reported to have control of Darkush.[2] At a later date, FSA lost control of the town. On 11 October, rebels recaptured it.[6] |
Kafr Nabl | 15,455 | Maarat al-Numaan District | y | FSA takes control in December 2011–January 2012.[34] After that, the government recaptured the town. On 11 August 2012, the FSA took it back after a 4 day fight and started reorganizing the town by working on reestablishing electricity, water, telephone and opening the bakeries.[35][36] On 30 December,
ISIS takes on Kafranbel.[37] In January 2014, the ISIS withdrew from the town following mass protests and clashes that were part of the Syrian opposition–Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant conflict. |
Khan Shaykhun | 34,371 | Maarat al-Numaan District | n | FSA takes control in December 2011–January 2012. Fell in government hands on 6 July 2012. The rebels withdrew when a larger force arrived, backed by attack helicopters that the rebels had no way of countering. Once inside the city, the troops set homes on fire and arrested dozens of people.[38] On 17 December 2012, government positions in Khan Shaykhun were reportedly under attack by rebel forces. In May 2014, it was reported that the rebels had captured most of the city with the exception of two regime-held bases (Al-Khazanat & Sallam_Checkpoints).[39] From the end of October 2014 the city is the main stronghold of Jabhat al-Nusra.[40][41] |
Maarrat Misrin | 17,519 | Idlib District | y | On 12 December 2011, opposition activists claimed the Syrian Army "indiscriminately" killed eleven people in the town. The incident began when soldiers allegedly shot dead two civilians in Maarrat Misrin prompting residents to block the main road leading to the town. The army then fired randomly, resulting in eleven deaths. The next day, two more residents were shot by Syrian security forces during a funeral procession for those killed the previous day.[42] According to a Syrian military source cited by Syrian Documents, on 7 September 2012, the Syrian Army ambushed a rebel unit in Maarrat Misrin. A total of 42 were killed.[43] In December 2012 the FSA took control of the city.[44] By November 2013, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant was in full control of the town.[27] In early January 2014, fighting raged between ISIS and non-ISIS rebels in the Syrian opposition–Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant conflict. |
Saraqib | 32,495 | Idlib District | y | FSA takes control in December 2011–January 2012.[45] Saraqib was considered an important strategic point because of its size, being the second largest city of the governorate, and its geographic position at the junction of two highways going to Aleppo: one going south towards Hama, Homs and Damascus, and one going west towards Latakia. It was also used as a base to launch attacks on military convoys.[46] On 24 March, eleven days after the Syrian Army took back Idlib,[47] the Syrian Army shelled the city briefly while leading a ground assault at the same time. A column of tanks entered the city to attack the defenses of the rebels, while infantry backed by snipers led the second wave to pursue the remaining fighters.[48] The Free Syrian Army fighters fought back the first day and damaged a tank. After the first day, the rebels were forced to withdraw from the city after the army took full control of it.[49] In July 2012, it was reported that the FSA had regained control of the city.[50] On 24 October, there were fierce shelling targeting the city from Hamsho check point. On 2 November 2012, Syrian forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad have withdrawn from their last base near Saraqeb, further weakening his ability to fight rebels in the city of Aleppo.[51] In January 2014, the town saw heavy clashes between ISIS and other Syrian rebel groups, but ISIS remained in control of the strategic town.[52] See also: Battle of Saraqeb. |
Sarmin | 14,530 | Idlib District | n | FSA had gained control over Sarmin. By 3 April, the Syrian Army had retaken Sarmin as part of the April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation which was initiated by the Syrian government in order to make gains against the rebels, prior to the implementation of the U.N. brokered ceasefire, planned for 10 April.[23][53] Sarmin’s mosque was severely damaged.[54][55] By November 2012, Sarmin was back under FSA control.[56] |
Taftanaz | 8,540 | Idlib District | y | The town has been a center for opposition protests The Battle of Taftanaz started on 3 April 2012. Heavy fighting took place on the outskirts of the town, killing 20 people.[57][58] By 5 April, the military captured Taftanaz's city center, which was defended by 200 FSA fighters, after a two-hour battle, following which the army reportedly rounded up and executed 82 people. It was unknown how many were opposition fighters and how many were civilians.[59] Witnesses in the town said that tanks shelled the town from four sides before armored cars brought in dozens of soldiers who dragged civilians from their homes and gunned them down in the streets, and they also claimed that the soldiers looted, destroyed and torched hundreds of homes, bringing some down on their owners’ heads. Videos showed this, and 62 people were killed during the attack, despite the town only having a small rebel presence. Nine government tanks were destroyed by homemade bombs as they left the town.[60] Two months after, two-thirds of the population had left. On 29 August 2012, rebels claim to have attacked a "military air base in Taftanaz" damaging several Government helicopters. Their claims could not be independently verified.[61] In November, the town was under rebel control.[25] On 2 January 2013, the strategic Taftanaz military airbase (which rebels have repeatedly tried to capture but failed) was attacked by rebels launching what they called "the battle to liberate Taftanaz Military airport" involving three rebel brigades.[62][63] |
Outside listed towns in Idlib G. | — | t 60%[64] 20% 20% |
By June 2012, large parts of Idlib Governorate are controlled by FSA who (along with local people), administered justice and the distribution of supplies to residents.[65] Sham Falcons (led by General Mustafa al-Sheikh) operate in Jabal al-Zawiya.[66] Eight out of the 35 villages of the Zawiya Mountain, around 25% percent, were reportedly under opposition control.[67] On 18 October 2012, Al Jazeera reported that rebels were giving classes to children in caves in Jabal al-Zawiya after the regime destroyed schools[68] By November 2012, the FSA had taken control of 65% of the Governorate.[69] According to Human Rights Watch, when rebels took control of the northern village of Zarzur on 11 December 2012, they vandalised and deliberately set fire to a Shi'a hussainia. According to residents, government forces had used the building as a barracks, but had abandoned it due to local complaints before the town was taken by rebels. The town's Shi'a minority has since largely fled the village.[70] Al Nusra Front and a number of Islamist militias, along with a small number of FSA groups, now controlled between 70 and 80 percent of Idlib province.[71] See also: 2011–2012 Idlib Governorate clashes, Summer 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya operation, October 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya clashes, December 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya massacres, December 2011 Syrian–Turkish border clash, April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation and Idlib Governorate clashes (2014). |
Para todas las ciudades (tamaño 7 o mayor) y lugares estratégicos como aeródromos, cruces fronterizos, puertos, represas, bases militares y campos petroleros. | Para todos los pueblos (tamaño 6 o más pequeños) y lugares detallados como colinas, fábricas, barrios y puestos de control. |
Para cada gobernación, la primera ciudad de la tabla es la capital de la gobernación (y la capital de su distrito al mismo tiempo). Las siguientes ciudades son las capitales regionales (centros administrativos) de los distritos. El último elemento es el área rural fuera de las ciudades listadas en cada gobernación. Cada sección detalla un breve resumen de la historia de esa ciudad o pueblo durante la Guerra Civil Siria. Las cifras de población se dan de acuerdo con el censo oficial de 2004. La mesa es clasificable.
Table of contents |
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Aleppo Governorate: Aleppo . Afrin . Atarib . Ayn al-Arab (Kobanî) . Azaz . Al-Bab . Dayr Hafir . Jarabulus . Manbij . Al-Safira . Anadan . Aqiba . Darat Izza . Kafr Safra . Khan Tuman . Khanasir . Al-Muslimiyah . Sarrin . Tell Aran . Tell Rifaat . Tell Shughayb . Urum al-Kubrah . Urum al-Sughrah . Others . |
Damascus & Rif Dimashq Governorates: Barzeh . Jobar . Kafr Sousa . Qaboun . Tadamon . Yarmouk camp . Other neighborhoods . Darayya . Douma . An-Nabk . Qatana . Qudsaya . Al-Qutayfah . Al-Tall . Yabrud . Al-Zabadani . Arbin . Assal al-Ward . Babbila . Beit Sahem . Beit Sawa . Deir Atiyah . Al-Hajar al-Aswad . Harasta . Jaramana . Kafr Batna . Muadamiyat al-Sham . Al-Sabinah . Sahnaya . Saidnaya . Saqba . Sayyidah Zaynab . Yalda . Zamalka . Others . |
Daraa Governorate: Daraa . Izra . Al-Sanamayn . Adwan . Da'el . Jasim . Khabab . Muthabin . Nawa . Al-Shaykh Saad . Others . |
Deir ez-Zor Governorate: Deir ez-Zor . Abu Kamal . Mayadin . Others . |
Hama Governorate: Hama . Masyaf . Mahardah . Salamiyah . Al-Suqaylabiyah . Kafr Nabudah . Ma'an . Qastun . Tremseh . Others . |
Al-Hasakah Governorate: Al-Hasakah . Al-Malikiyah . Qamishli . Qamishli border crossing . Ras al-Ayn . Al-Qahtaniya . Simalka border crossing . Others . |
Homs Governorate: Abbasiya . Baba Amr . Deir Baalbah . Ghouta . Jobar . Joret al-Shayyah . Karm al-Shami . Karm al-Zeitoun . Khaldiyeh . Old City . Qusour . Al-Waer . Other neighborhoods . Al-Mukharram . Palmyra . Al-Qusayr . Al-Rastan . Taldou . Talkalakh . Abil . Al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah . Al-Husn . Others . |
Idlib Governorate: Idlib . Arihah . Harem . Jisr al-Shughur . Maarrat al-Nu'man . Azmarin . Bab al-Hawa border crossing . Binnish . Al-Dana . Darkush . Kafr Nabl . Khan Shaykhun . Maarrat Misrin . Saraqib . Sarmin . Taftanaz . Others . |
Latakia Governorate: Latakia . Al-Haffah . Harasta . Jableh . Qardaha . Kesab . Others . |
Quneitra Governorate: Quneitra . |
Raqqa Governorate: Raqqa . Tell Abyad . Al-Thawrah . Others . |
As-Suwayda Governorate: As-Suwayda . Salkhad . Shahba . Others . |
Tartus Governorate: Tartus . Baniyas . Duraykish . Safita . Al-Shaykh Badr . Others . |
See also References |