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17th and 18th century area in northern Vietnam From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Đàng Ngoài (chữ Hán: 唐外,[1] lit. "Outer Land"), also known as Tonkin, Bắc Hà (北河, "North of the River") or Kingdom of Annam (安南國) by foreigners, was an area in northern Đại Việt (now Vietnam) during the 17th and 18th centuries as the result of Trịnh–Nguyễn War.[2] The word "Đàng Ngoài" first appeared in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum by Alexandre de Rhodes.
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Vietnamese. (September 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Đàng Ngoài was de-facto ruled by the Trịnh lords with the Lê emperors acting as titular rulers. The capital was Thăng Long (now Hanoi). Thăng Long was also known as Đông Kinh 東京, meaning "Eastern Capital", from which the common European name for Đàng Ngoài "Tonkin" originated. It was bordered by Đàng Trong (under the Nguyễn lords) along the Linh River (modern Gianh River in Quảng Bình Province). The name gradually fell into disuse after Nguyễn Huệ's conquest of the north.
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