阿鼻地獄

Chinese

		Avīci	hell; underworld; inferno hell; underworld; inferno; hell on earth
trad. (阿鼻地獄)		阿鼻	地獄
simp. (阿鼻地狱)		阿鼻	地狱

Etymology

Sanskrit अवीचि (avīci) + 地獄 / 地狱 (dìyù).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	阿	鼻	地	獄
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	並 (3)	定 (7)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	脂 (15)	脂 (15)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III	III
Fanqie	烏何切	毗至切	徒四切	魚欲切
Baxter	'a	bjijH	dijH	ngjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑ/	/biɪH/	/diɪH/	/ŋɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑ/	/biH/	/diH/	/ŋiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑ/	/bjɪH/	/djɪH/	/ŋiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔa/	/biH/	/diH/	/ŋuawk̚/
Li Rong	/ʔɑ/	/biH/	/diH/	/ŋiok̚/
Wang Li	/ɑ/	/biH/	/diH/	/ŋĭwok̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔɑ/	/bʱiH/	/dʱiH/	/ŋi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ē	bì	dì	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	o1	bei6	dei6	juk6

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ābí dìyù

  (Zhuyin): ㄚ ㄅㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): aa³ bei⁶ dei⁶ juk⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ābí dìyù
    • Zhuyin: ㄚ ㄅㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: abí dìyù
    • Wade–Giles: a¹-pi² ti⁴-yü⁴
    • Yale: ā-bí dì-yù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: abyi dihyuh
    • Palladius: аби диюй (abi dijuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀä⁵⁵ pi³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: aa³ bei⁶ dei⁶ juk⁶
    • Yale: a beih deih yuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: aa³ bei⁶ dei⁶ juk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: a³ béi⁶ déi⁶ yug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /aː³³ pei̯²² tei̯²² jʊk̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: 'a bjijH dijH ngjowk

Noun

阿鼻地獄

1. (Buddhism) Avīci (the lowest level of the “hell” realm)

Synonyms

• 無間地獄／无间地狱 (wújiàn dìyù)
• 金剛地獄／金刚地狱

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (阿鼻地獄):

• → Japanese: 阿(あ)鼻(び)地(じ)獄(ごく) (abi jigoku)
• → Korean: 아비지옥(阿鼻地獄) (abijiok)

Further reading

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “阿鼻地獄” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Japanese

Kanji in this term
阿	鼻	地	獄
あ Jinmeiyō	び Grade: 3	じ Grade: 2	ごく Grade: S
goon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [a̠bʲiʑiɡo̞kɯ̟]

Noun

阿(あ)鼻(び)地(じ)獄(ごく) • (abijigoku) 

1. (Buddhism) Avīci (the lowest level of the “hell” realm)
2. (figurative) very hellish environment

Korean

Hanja in this term
阿	鼻	地	獄

Noun

阿鼻地獄 • (abijiok) (hangeul 아비지옥)

1. hanja form^? of 아비지옥 (“(Buddhism) Avīci”)