變化

See also: 変化 and 变化

Chinese

		to change; to become different; to transform to change; to become different; to transform; to vary; rebellion	to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform
trad. (變化)		變	化
simp. (变化)		变	化

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	變	化
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	仙 (79)	麻 (99)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	彼眷切	呼霸切
Baxter	pjenH	xwaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiᴇnH/	/hˠuaH/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚiɛnH/	/hʷᵚaH/
Shao Rongfen	/piænH/	/xuaH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pianH/	/hwaɨH/
Li Rong	/pjɛnH/	/xuaH/
Wang Li	/pĭɛnH/	/xwaH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯ɛnH/	/xwaH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	biàn	huà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bin3	faa3

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	變	化
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	biàn	huà
Middle Chinese	‹ pjenH ›	‹ xwæH ›
Old Chinese	/*pro[n]-s/	/*qʷʰˁ<r>aj-s/
English	change (v.)	transform
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	變	化
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	8612	5327
Phonetic component		化
Rime group	元	歌
Rime subdivision	3	1
Corresponding MC rime	變	化
Old Chinese	/*prons/	/*hŋʷraːls/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): biànhuà

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bin³ faa³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): pien-fa

  (Hailu, HRS): bien^ˇ fa^ˇ

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): piàn-hòa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): biang³ huê³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵pi-ho

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: biànhuà → biànhua (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ → ㄅㄧㄢˋ ˙ㄏㄨㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: biànhuå
    • Wade–Giles: pien⁴-hua⁵
    • Yale: byàn-hwa
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biann.huah
    • Palladius: бяньхуа (bjanʹxua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/ → /pi̯ɛn⁵¹ xu̯ä¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bin³ faa³
    • Yale: bin fa
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bin³ faa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: bin³ fa³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piːn³³ faː³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pien-fa
    • Hakka Romanization System: bien fa
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bian⁴ fa⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pi̯en⁵⁵ fa⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: bien^ˇ fa^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /pien¹¹ fa¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piàn-hòa
    • Tâi-lô: piàn-huà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: piernhoax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /piɛn²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /piɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɛn²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /piɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: biang³ huê³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: piàng huè
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵pi-ho
    • MiniDict: pi^去 ho
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²pi-ho
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pi³³ ho⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjenH xwaeH

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pro[n]-s  qʷʰˤ<r>aj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*prons  hŋʷraːls/

Verb

變化

1. (intransitive) to change; to vary

   計劃跟不上變化。 [MSC, trad.]
   计划跟不上变化。 [MSC, simp.]

   Jìhuà gēnbushàng biànhuà. [Pinyin]

   No plan can anticipate every possible change.

   計劃不如變化快。 [MSC, trad.]
   计划不如变化快。 [MSC, simp.]

   Jìhuà bùrú biànhuà kuài. [Pinyin]

   Change happens faster than plans can be made.

   世界上唯一不變的就是變化。 [MSC, trad.]
   世界上唯一不变的就是变化。 [MSC, simp.]

   Shìjiè shàng wéiyī bùbiàn de jiùshì biànhuà. [Pinyin]

   The only constant in the world is change.

   在過去幾年裡他的變化很大。 [MSC, trad.]
   在过去几年里他的变化很大。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zài guòqù jǐ nián lǐ tā de biànhuà hěn dà. [Pinyin]

   He has changed a lot over the past few years.

   • 天地變化，草木蕃。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     天地变化，草木蕃。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: I Ching, 11^th – 8^th century BCE

     Tiāndì biànhuà, cǎomù fán. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

edit

• 改變 / 改变 (gǎibiàn)
• 變 / 变 (biàn)
• 變易 / 变易 (biànyì)
• 變遷 / 变迁 (biànqiān) (of major, long-term changes)
• 變革 / 变革 (biàngé) (chiefly of social systems)
• 轉化 / 转化 (zhuǎnhuà)
• 轉型 / 转型 (zhuǎnxíng)
• 轉移 / 转移 (zhuǎnyí) (of a quality, character, etc.)
• 轉變 / 转变 (zhuǎnbiàn)
• 革變 / 革变 (gébiàn) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 化學變化 / 化学变化 (huàxué biànhuà)
• 慢速變化球 / 慢速变化球
• 氣候變化 / 气候变化 (qìhòu biànhuà)
• 物理變化 / 物理变化 (wùlǐ biànhuà)
• 病變 / 病变 (bìngbiàn)
• 計劃趕不上變化 / 计划赶不上变化 (jìhuà gǎnbùshàng biànhuà)
• 變化不測 / 变化不测
• 變化多端 / 变化多端 (biànhuàduōduān)
• 變化無常 / 变化无常 (biànhuàwúcháng)
• 變化無方 / 变化无方
• 變化無窮 / 变化无穷
• 變化球 / 变化球
• 變化萬端 / 变化万端
• 變化莫測 / 变化莫测 (biànhuàmòcè)
• 魚龍變化 / 鱼龙变化

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (變化):

• → Japanese: 変(へん)化(か) (henka); 変(へん)化(げ) (henge)
• → Korean: 변화(變化) (byeonhwa)
• → Vietnamese: biến hóa (變化)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
變	化
へん Hyōgai	か Grade: 3
on'yomi

Noun

變(へん)化(か) • (henka) 

1. Kyūjitai form of 変化: change; variation

Verb

變(へん)化(か)する • (henka suru) suru (stem 變(へん)化(か)し (henka shi), past 變(へん)化(か)した (henka shita))

1. Kyūjitai form of 変化: to change, to vary

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	變化し	へんかし	henka shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	變化し	へんかし	henka shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	變化する	へんかする	henka suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	變化する	へんかする	henka suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	變化すれ	へんかすれ	henka sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	變化せよ¹ 變化しろ²	へんかせよ¹ へんかしろ²	henka seyo¹ henka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	變化される	へんかされる	henka sareru
Causative	變化させる 變化さす	へんかさせる へんかさす	henka saseru henka sasu
Potential	變化できる	へんかできる	henka dekiru
Volitional	變化しよう	へんかしよう	henka shiyō
Negative	變化しない	へんかしない	henka shinai
Negative continuative	變化せず	へんかせず	henka sezu
Formal	變化します	へんかします	henka shimasu
Perfective	變化した	へんかした	henka shita
Conjunctive	變化して	へんかして	henka shite
Hypothetical conditional	變化すれば	へんかすれば	henka sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "變化する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
變	化

Noun

變化 • (byeonhwa) (hangeul 변화)

1. hanja form^? of 변화 (“change; variation”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
變	化

Verb

變化

1. chữ Hán form of biến hóa (“to transform, to evolve”).