要約

See also: 要约

Chinese

		important; vital; to want important; vital; to want; to be going to; must; demand; ask; request; coerce	appointment; agreement; to arrange appointment; agreement; to arrange; to restrict; approximately; weigh
trad. (要約)		要	約
simp. (要约)		要	约

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yāoyuē

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠ ㄩㄝ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yāoyuē
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄠ ㄩㄝ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yaoyue
    • Wade–Giles: yao¹-yüeh¹
    • Yale: yāu-ywē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iauiue
    • Palladius: яоюэ (jaojue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵/

Verb

要約

1. (literary) to restrict; to limit
2. (literary) to agree to a contract
3. (law) to offer; to bid

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yàoyuē

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ ㄩㄝ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yàoyuē
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ ㄩㄝ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yàoyue
    • Wade–Giles: yao⁴-yüeh¹
    • Yale: yàu-ywē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yawiue
    • Palladius: яоюэ (jaojue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɥɛ⁵⁵/

Adjective

要約

1. (literary) succinct; concise; brief

Pronunciation 3

• Jin (Wiktionary): iau³ ieh⁴

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• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: iau³ ieh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /iau⁴⁵ iəʔ²/

Verb

要約

1. (Jin) to guess; to estimate

Synonyms

edit

• nan-qua+nan-xia:阿合
• nan-xia+nan-zha:掠算
• 估計 / 估计 (gūjì)
• 估量
• 假定 (jiǎdìng)
• 假想 (jiǎxiǎng)
• 假設 / 假设 (jiǎshè)
• 商量 (shāngliàng) (Classical Chinese)
• 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
• 忖度 (cǔnduó) (literary)
• 思裁 (sīcái) (literary)
• 想象 (xiǎngxiàng)
• 懸 / 悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
• 懸想 / 悬想 (xuánxiǎng)
• 懷疑 / 怀疑 (huáiyí)
• 打估 (Southern Pinghua)
• 推想 (tuīxiǎng)
• 推測 / 推测 (tuīcè)
• 揣度 (formal)
• 擬 / 拟 (nǐ)
• 母量 (mu³ liong) (Gan)
• 派胚 (Hokkien)
• 測 / 测 (cè) (literary, or in compounds)
• 測估 / 测估 (cègū)
• 測度 / 测度 (cèduó)
• 測算 / 测算 (cèsuàn)
• 猜 (cāi)
• 猜度 (cāiduó)
• 猜想 (cāixiǎng)
• 猜摸 (cāimo)
• 猜料 (cāiliào)
• 猜測 / 猜测 (cāicè)
• 猜詳 / 猜详 (cāixiáng)
• 算 (suàn)
• 算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
• 約摸 / 约摸 (yuēmo)
• 臭疑 (Hokkien)
• 臭青疑 (Hokkien)
• 虛擬 / 虚拟 (xūnǐ)
• 設 / 设 (shè)
• 設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
• 跋胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 辦胚 / 办胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 青疑 (Hokkien)
• 預計 / 预计 (yùjì)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
要	約
よう Grade: 4	やく Grade: 4
on'yomi

Etymology

/jeujaku/ → /joːjaku/

From Middle Chinese 要約 (MC 'jiew|'jiewH 'jiewH|'jak, “important bond or agreement”). Compare modern Mandarin reading yāoyuē.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) よーやく [yòóyákú] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [jo̞ːja̠kɯ̟]

Noun

要(よう)約(やく) • (yōyaku) ^{←えうやく (euyaku)?}

1. abridgment (shortened version), summary
2. a compact or contract, an agreement, a promise

Verb

要(よう)約(やく)する • (yōyaku suru) ^{←えうやく (euyaku)?}transitive suru (stem 要(よう)約(やく)し (yōyaku shi), past 要(よう)約(やく)した (yōyaku shita))

1. to sum up, to summarize
2. to enter into compact or contract, to form an agreement, to make a promise

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	要約し	ようやくし	yōyaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	要約し	ようやくし	yōyaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	要約する	ようやくする	yōyaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	要約する	ようやくする	yōyaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	要約すれ	ようやくすれ	yōyaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	要約せよ¹ 要約しろ²	ようやくせよ¹ ようやくしろ²	yōyaku seyo¹ yōyaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	要約される	ようやくされる	yōyaku sareru
Causative	要約させる 要約さす	ようやくさせる ようやくさす	yōyaku saseru yōyaku sasu
Potential	要約できる	ようやくできる	yōyaku dekiru
Volitional	要約しよう	ようやくしよう	yōyaku shiyō
Negative	要約しない	ようやくしない	yōyaku shinai
Negative continuative	要約せず	ようやくせず	yōyaku sezu
Formal	要約します	ようやくします	yōyaku shimasu
Perfective	要約した	ようやくした	yōyaku shita
Conjunctive	要約して	ようやくして	yōyaku shite
Hypothetical conditional	要約すれば	ようやくすれば	yōyaku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "要約する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
3. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN