脊

脊 U+810A, 脊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-810A ← 脉 [U+8109] CJK Unified Ideographs 脋 → [U+810B]

Translingual

Han character

脊 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 火金月 (FCB), four-corner 1122₇)

Derived characters

• 塉 嵴 膌 蹐 𦢡 𦢢 䰪 鶺(鹡) 瘠

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 982, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29472
• Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2070, character 10
• Unihan data for U+810A

Chinese

trad.		脊
simp. #		脊
alternative forms		𦟝 𦠗

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 脊
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
脊	*ʔseɡ
蹐	*ʔseɡ
鶺	*ʔseɡ
塉	*zeɡ
瘠	*zeɡ
膌	*zeɡ

Characters in the same phonetic series (脊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Originally a pictogram (象形) of a fish spine. 肉 was added later to distinguish it. The top component corrupted into 𠦬, making it a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔseɡ) : phonetic 朿 (OC *sʰeɡs) + semantic 肉 (“flesh”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	脊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	資昔切
Baxter	tsjek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡siæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡siajk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡siɛk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭɛk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ji
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zik1

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	脊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsjek ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ek/
English	spine, backbone
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	脊
Reading #	1/1
No.	5782
Phonetic component	脊
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	積
Old Chinese	/*ʔseɡ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jǐ, jí (ji³, ji²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ, ㄐㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zek³ / zik³
• Jin (Wiktionary): jieh⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): cék
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chiak / chek / chit / chiah

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zig⁴ / ziah⁴

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷ciq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zi⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese and Beijing dialect)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐ
    • Wade–Giles: chi³
    • Yale: jǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/
      
  • (Beijing dialect)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jí
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jí
    • Wade–Giles: chi²
    • Yale: jí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zek³ / zik³
    • Yale: jek / jik
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzek⁸ / dzik⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: zég³ / jig³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛːk̚³/, /t͡sɪk̚³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jieh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cék
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛiʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiak
    • Tâi-lô: tsiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chek
    • Tâi-lô: tsik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zeg
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡siɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit
    • Tâi-lô: tsit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cid
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiah
    • Tâi-lô: tsiah
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciaq
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siaʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siaʔ³²/

Note:

• chiak/chek - literary;
• chit/chiah - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zig⁴ / ziah⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsik / tsiah
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sik̚²/, /t͡siaʔ²/
Note:
• zig4 - literary;
• ziah4 - vernacular.
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷ciq
    • MiniDict: cih^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴jiq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡si²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsjek

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ek/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔseɡ/

Definitions

脊

1. (anatomy) spine; backbone
2. (of terrain, rooms, etc.) ridgeline; ridge; spine; ridge beam
3. (of books, knives, etc.) spine
4. a surname

Compounds

• 世界屋脊 (shìjiè wūjǐ)
• 中洋脊
• 光脊梁
• 單斜脊 / 单斜脊
• 地脊
• 屋脊 (wūjǐ)
• 山脊 (shānjǐ)
• 戳脊梁骨
• 房脊 (fángjǐ)
• 打脊
• 打脊匹夫
• 打脊魍魎 / 打脊魍魉
• 書脊 / 书脊 (shūjǐ)
• 沒脊梁
• 沒脊骨 / 没脊骨
• 磨脊梁
• 背脊 (bèijǐ)
• 脊令在原
• 脊杖
• 脊柱 (jǐzhù)
• 脊梁
• 脊梁骨
• 脊椎
• 脊椎動物 / 脊椎动物
• 脊椎骨 (jǐzhuīgǔ)
• 脊檁 / 脊檩 (jǐlǐn)
• 脊百合
• 脊神經 / 脊神经 (jǐshénjīng)
• 脊索 (jǐsuǒ)
• 脊索動物 / 脊索动物 (jǐsuǒ dòngwù)
• 脊背 (jǐbèi)
• 胸脊
• 脊醫 / 脊医
• 脊髓
• 花屋脊 (Huāwūjǐ)
• 裡脊肉 / 里脊肉
• 豎起脊梁
• 躥房越脊 / 蹿房越脊
• 露脊鯨 / 露脊鲸 (lùjǐjīng)
• 飛簷走脊 / 飞檐走脊

References

• “脊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 脊

脊

(Jōyō kanji)

1. height, stature

Readings

• Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
• Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
• Kun: せ (se, 脊)、せい (sei, 脊)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
脊
せい Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 脊 – see the following entry.

【背せ】6 [noun] one's back (part of the human body) [noun] one's height [noun] the rear of something, the area behind 【背せい】6 [noun] height

(This term, 脊, is an alternative spelling (uncommon) of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 脊 (MC tsjek). Recorded as Middle Korean 쳑〮 (chyék) (Yale: chyek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

脊

Wikisource 脊 (eumhun 등마루 척 (deungmaru cheok))

1. hanja form^? of 척 (“spine; backbone”)

Compounds

• 척골 (脊骨, cheokgol)
• 척량 (脊梁, cheongnyang)
• 척삭동물 (脊索動物, cheoksakdongmul)
• 척수 (脊髓, cheoksu)
• 척추 (脊椎, cheokchu)
• 척추동물 (脊椎動物, cheokchudongmul)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

脊: Hán Nôm readings: tích

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.