父母
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Etymology 1
Dvandva of 父 (fù, “father”) + 母 (mǔ, “mother”)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fu6 mou5
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): fu5 mu4
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'fu5 mu3
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6vu-mu6 / 4vu-mu4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄇㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fùmǔ
- Wade–Giles: fu4-mu3
- Yale: fù-mǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhmuu
- Palladius: фуму (fumu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵¹ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фуму (fumu, III-I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fou⁴⁴ mou²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: fu6 mou5
- Yale: fuh móuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: fu6 mou5
- Guangdong Romanization: fu6 mou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /fuː²² mou̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fu5 mu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu³² ᵐbu²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: 'fu5 mu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˈfu¹¹ mu²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu-mû
- Hakka Romanization System: fu muˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fu4 mu1
- Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵ mu²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bú
- Tâi-lô: hū-bú
- Phofsit Daibuun: huxbuo
- IPA (Xiamen): /hu²²⁻²¹ bu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǔ-bió
- Tâi-lô: hǔ-bió
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hu²² bio⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bó
- Tâi-lô: hū-bó
- Phofsit Daibuun: huxboir
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu²²⁻²¹ bo⁵³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bió
- Tâi-lô: hū-bió
- Phofsit Daibuun: huxbioir
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu³³⁻²¹ biɤ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hu³³⁻¹¹ bio⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bó͘
- Tâi-lô: hū-bóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: huxbor
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu³³⁻²¹ bɔ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hu³³⁻¹¹ bɔ⁵³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bê6 bho2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pĕ bó
- Sinological IPA (key): /pe³⁵⁻¹¹ bo⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: bjuX muwX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N-p](r)aʔ məʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*baʔ mɯʔ/
Noun
父母
- parents; mother and father; mum and dad
- 生身父母 ― shēngshēn fùmǔ ― biological parents
- Short for 父母官 (fùmǔguān).
Synonyms
- (parents): (polite, non-face-to-face term of address) 老人家 (lǎorenjia)
Derived terms
- 再生父母 (zàishēngfùmǔ)
- 嗣父母
- 在家靠父母，出外靠朋友
- 天下父母心 (tiānxià fùmǔ xīn)
- 恩同父母
- 父母之命
- 父母之命，媒妁之言
- 父母之邦
- 父母國 / 父母国
- 父母在，不遠遊 / 父母在，不远游
- 父母子女
- 父母官 (fùmǔguān)
- 父母恩勤
- 父母親 / 父母亲 (fùmǔqīn)
- 父母雙亡 / 父母双亡
- 父母養我們小，我們養父母老 / 父母养我们小，我们养父母老
- 父母骨肉
- 生身父母 (shēngshēn fùmǔ)
- 直升機父母 / 直升机父母 (zhíshēngjī fùmǔ)
- 衣食父母 (yīshífùmǔ)
- 親生父母 / 亲生父母
- 重生父母
- 養父母 / 养父母 (yǎngfùmǔ)
- 養身父母 / 养身父母
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 父母 – see 爸母 (“father and mother; parents”). (This term is a variant form of 爸母). |
Further reading
- Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922),
“父母” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].
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