喧嘩

See also: 喧哗

Chinese

		clamour; noise	cat-calling sound; clamour; noise cat-calling sound; clamour; noise; crashing sound
trad. (喧嘩/諠譁/喧譁)		喧/諠	嘩/譁
simp. (喧哗)		喧	哗

考場周邊，禁止喧嘩 [MSC, trad.]
考场周边，禁止喧哗 [MSC, simp.]

kǎochǎng zhōubiān, jìnzhǐ xuānhuá [Pinyin]

Please do not make noise around the examination venue

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	喧	嘩
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	元 (66)	麻 (99)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	況袁切	呼瓜切
Baxter	xjwon	xwae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hʉɐn/	/hˠua/
Pan Wuyun	/hʷiɐn/	/hʷᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/xiuɐn/	/xua/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huan/	/hwaɨ/
Li Rong	/xiuɐn/	/xua/
Wang Li	/xĭwɐn/	/xwa/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xi̯wɐn/	/xwa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuān	huā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hyun1	faa1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuānhuá

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun¹ waa¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): soan-hôa / soan-hoa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): suang¹ hua¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuānhuá
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuanhuá
    • Wade–Giles: hsüan¹-hua²
    • Yale: sywān-hwá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuanhwa
    • Palladius: сюаньхуа (sjuanʹxua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hyun¹ waa¹
    • Yale: hyūn wā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hyn¹ waa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hün¹ wa¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyːn⁵⁵ waː⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan-hôa
    • Tâi-lô: suan-huâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soanhoaa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /suan⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suan³³ hua²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /suan⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan-hoa
    • Tâi-lô: suan-hua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soanhoaf
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suan⁴⁴⁻³³ hua⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: suang¹ hua¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suang hua
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suaŋ³³⁻²³ hua³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: xjwon xwae

Verb

喧嘩

1. to make a din; to clamour; to be loud and noisy

   禁止大聲喧嘩。／禁止大声喧哗。  ―  Jìnzhǐ dàshēng xuānhuá.  ―  Please don't make noise.

Adjective

喧嘩

1. uproarious; boisterous; noisy

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (喧嘩):

• → Japanese: 喧(けん)嘩(か) (kenka)
• → Korean: 훤화(喧譁) (hwonhwa)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
喧	嘩
けん Jinmeiyō	か Jinmeiyō
kan'on

Alternative spellings
諠譁 ケンカ

 喧嘩 on Japanese Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) けんか [kèńká] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ŋka̠]

Noun

喧(けん)嘩(か) or 喧嘩(ケンカ) • (kenka) ^{←けんくわ (kenkwa)?}

1. a fight, a physical confrontation

   喧(けん)嘩(か)を売(う)ってんのか？

   Kenka o utten no ka?

   Are you looking for a fight?

   • 1999 May 25, “フレンドシップ [Friendship]”, in Booster 2, Konami:

     デュエル中(ちゅう)ケンカをしても、友(ゆう)情(じょう)を伝(つた)え仲(なか)直(なお)りをさせる。

     Dyueru chū kenka o shite mo, yūjō o tsutae nakanaori o saseru.

     Even when it fights in Duels, it still makes peace by spreading friendship.

2. a quarrel, a verbal dispute

   痴(ち)話(わ)喧(げん)嘩(か)だ。

   Chiwagenka da.

   It's a lovers' quarrel.

Synonyms

• (a quarrel): 口(くち)喧(げん)嘩(か) (kuchigenka), 口(こう)論(ろん) (kōron)

Derived terms

• 内(うち)輪(わ)喧(げん)嘩(か) (uchiwagenka)
• 大(おお)喧(げん)嘩(か) (ōgenka)
• 親(おや)子(こ)喧(げん)嘩(か) (oyakogenka)
• 兄(きょう)弟(だい)喧(げん)嘩(か) (kyōdaigenka)
• 口(くち)喧(げん)嘩(か) (kuchigenka)
• 喧(けん)嘩(か)腰(ごし) (kenkagoshi)
• 喧(けん)嘩(か)別(わか)れ (kenkawakare)
• 喧(けん)嘩(か)を売(う)る (kenka o uru)
• 喧(けん)嘩(か)を買(か)う (kenka o kau)
• 木(こ)っ端(ぱ)喧(げん)嘩(か) (koppagenka)
• 痴(ち)話(わ)喧(げん)嘩(か) (chiwagenka)
• 仲(なか)間(ま)喧(げん)嘩(か) (nakamagenka)
• 夫(ふう)婦(ふ)喧(げん)嘩(か) (fūfugenka)
• 水(みず)喧(げん)嘩(か) (mizugenka)

Verb

喧(けん)嘩(か)する or 喧嘩(ケンカ)する • (kenka suru) ^{←けんくわ (kenkwa)?}intransitive suru (stem 喧(けん)嘩(か)し (kenka shi), past 喧(けん)嘩(か)した (kenka shita))

1. to quarrel with; to fight with (not militarily)

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	喧嘩し	けんかし	kenka shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	喧嘩し	けんかし	kenka shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	喧嘩する	けんかする	kenka suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	喧嘩する	けんかする	kenka suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	喧嘩すれ	けんかすれ	kenka sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	喧嘩せよ¹ 喧嘩しろ²	けんかせよ¹ けんかしろ²	kenka seyo¹ kenka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	喧嘩される	けんかされる	kenka sareru
Causative	喧嘩させる 喧嘩さす	けんかさせる けんかさす	kenka saseru kenka sasu
Potential	喧嘩できる	けんかできる	kenka dekiru
Volitional	喧嘩しよう	けんかしよう	kenka shiyō
Negative	喧嘩しない	けんかしない	kenka shinai
Negative continuative	喧嘩せず	けんかせず	kenka sezu
Formal	喧嘩します	けんかします	kenka shimasu
Perfective	喧嘩した	けんかした	kenka shita
Conjunctive	喧嘩して	けんかして	kenka shite
Hypothetical conditional	喧嘩すれば	けんかすれば	kenka sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "喧嘩する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

References

1. Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
2. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN