ہم
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See also: هم
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɦəm/
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Hindi हम (hama), हंम (haṃma), from Apabhramsa अम्हे (amhe), from Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).
Pronoun
ہَم • (ham) (Hindi spelling हम)
- first-person plural subjective or objective personal pronoun: we, us; plural of مَیں (ma͠i), مُجھ (mujh)
- ہَم ہون٘گے کامْیاب۔ ― ham hoṅge kāmyāb. ― we will be successful.
- ہَم سے نا کَبھی جُدا ہونا۔ ― ham se nā kabhī judā honā. ― Don't ever separate from us.
- (formal, majestic plural) first-person singular subjective or objective personal pronoun: I, me
Usage notes
Because ہَم (ham) can mean both we and I (majestic plural or royal "we"), sometimes ہَم لوگ (ham log) is used to specifically denote the plural. Usually context makes it clear when ہَم (ham) is being used for we or for I. It is inflected and used grammatically the same for both meanings.
Derived terms
- ہَماہَمی (hamāhamī)
Determiner
ہَم • (ham) pl (Hindi spelling हम)
- The speakers/writers, or the speaker/writer and at least one other person; we, us.
- ہَم پاکِسْتانی بَہُت مِہْمان نَواز ہوتے ہَیں۔
- ham pākistānī bahut mihmān navāz hote ha͠i.
- We Pakistanis tend to be very hospitable.
- (formal, majestic plural) The speaker/writer; I, me.
Declension
declension of ہم
See also
| Urdu personal pronouns | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Description | Direct case | Indirect case | Ergative case | Dative/Accusative case | |
| 1st person | singular | مَیں (ma͠i) | مُجھ (mujh) | مَیں نے (ma͠i ne) | مُجھ کو (mujh ko),
مُجھے (mujhe) | |
| formal (rare) | خَاکْسَار (xāksār) | خَاکْسَار نے (xāksār ne) | خَاکْسَار کو (xāksār ko) | |||
| plural | ہَم (ham) | ہَم نے (ham ne) | ہَم کو (ham ko),
ہَمیں (hamẽ) | |||
| 2nd person | informal (intimate) | تُو (tū) | تُجھ (tujh) | تُو نے (tū ne) | تُجھ کو (tujh ko),
تُجھے (tujhe) | |
| semiformal (familiar) | تُم (tum) | تُم نے (tum ne) | تُم کو (tum ko),
تُمْہیں (tumhẽ) | |||
| formal (polite) | آپ (āp) | آپ نے (āp ne) | آپ کو (āp ko) | |||
| 3rd person | proximal | singular / informal | یِہ (ye) | اِس (is) | اِس نے (is ne) | اِس کو (is ko),
اِسے (ise) |
| plural / formal | اِن (in) | اِنْہوں نے (inhõ ne) | اِن کو (in ko),
اِنْہیں (inhẽ) | |||
| distal | singular / informal | وُہ (vo) | اُس (us) | اُس نے (us ne) | اُس کو (us ko),
اُسے (use) | |
| plural / formal | اُن (un) | اُنْہوں نے (unhõ ne) | اُن کو (un ko),
اُنْہیں (unhẽ) | |||
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Classical Persian هَم (ham), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *somHós. Cognate of English same.
Adverb
Conjunction
References
- Platts, John T. (1884) “هم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
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