خورشید

Persian

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خورشید

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Alternative forms

• هورشید (horšid), خرشید (xuršēd), خرشد (xuršid)

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭥𐭫(𐭧)𐭱𐭩𐭲 (xwar(x)šēd, “sun”), from Proto-Iranian *huHarxšaytah. Compare Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆-𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀- (huuarə-xšaēta-, “bright sun (an epithet)”).

The first part is cognate with خراسان (xorâsân), the name of a province in eastern Iran (since the sun rises in the east), and the second part (equivalent to شید (“bright”) in modern Persian) with Old Armenian աշխէտ (ašxēt).^[1]

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xʷaɾ.ʃeːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊɾ.ʃiːd̪], [xʊɾ.ʃeːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊɾ.ʃiːd̪], [xʊɾ.ʃeːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xʊɾ.ʃiːd̪], [xʊɾ.ʃeːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xuɾ.ʃid̪̥], [xuɾ.ʃeːd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xoɹ.ʃiːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χuɾ.ʃed̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	xwaršēḏ
Dari reading?	xuršīd, xuršēd
Iranian reading?	xoršid
Tajik reading?	xuršed

Noun

Dari	خورشید
Iranian Persian
Tajik	хуршед

خورشید • (xoršid)

1. the sun
2. sunshine

Derived terms

• خورشیدی (xoršidi)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: ख़्वुरशेद (xvurśed), ख़ुर्शीद (xurśīd)

  Urdu: خورشید (xurśid)

Proper noun

Dari	خورشید
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Хуршед

خورشید • (xoršid)

1. a unisex given name, Khorshid

See also

• مهشید (mahšid, “moonlight”)
• درخشیدن (deraxšidan, “to shine”)

References

1. Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, pages 249, 402

• Vullers, Johann August (1855) “خرشید”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 676b
• Vullers, Johann August (1855) “خرشید”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 749a

Urdu

Etymology

From Persian خورشید (xoršid).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xʊɾ.ʃiːd̪/

Noun

خورْشِید • (xurśīd) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुर्शीद)

1. (astronomy) sun

   Synonyms: سورج (sūraj), سوریہ (sūrya), روی (ravī)