χρῶμα

See also: χρώμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰrṓwmə, and related to χρώς (khrṓs, “surface of the body, skin (color)”); see there for more.^[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰrɔ̂ː.ma/ → /ˈxro.ma/ → /ˈxro.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰrɔ̂ː.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰro.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈxro.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈxro.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈxro.ma/

Noun

χρῶμᾰ • (khrôma) n (genitive χρώμᾰτος); third declension

1. skin (esp. the human body)
2. colour (esp. of the skin or body); pigment
3. complexion
4. character of style in writing; ornaments
5. chromatic scale; music

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ χρῶμᾰ tò khrôma	τὼ χρώμᾰτε tṑ khrṓmate	τᾰ̀ χρώμᾰτᾰ tà khrṓmata
Genitive	τοῦ χρώμᾰτος toû khrṓmatos	τοῖν χρωμᾰ́τοιν toîn khrōmátoin	τῶν χρωμᾰ́των tôn khrōmátōn
Dative	τῷ χρώμᾰτῐ tôi khrṓmati	τοῖν χρωμᾰ́τοιν toîn khrōmátoin	τοῖς χρώμᾰσῐ / χρώμᾰσῐν toîs khrṓmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ χρῶμᾰ tò khrôma	τὼ χρώμᾰτε tṑ khrṓmate	τᾰ̀ χρώμᾰτᾰ tà khrṓmata
Vocative	χρῶμᾰ khrôma	χρώμᾰτε khrṓmate	χρώμᾰτᾰ khrṓmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τὸ χρῶμᾰ; τοῦ χρώμᾰτος (Attic)

Derived terms

• χρωματικός (khrōmatikós)
• χρωμάτινος (khrōmátinos)
• χρωμάτιον (khrōmátion)

Descendants

• Greek: χρώμα (chróma)
• → Catalan: croma
• → Dutch: chromo-
• → English: chroma, chromo-, chromato-, -chrome
• → French: chrome, chromo-, -chrome (see there for further descendants)
• → Galician: croma, cromo
• → Hungarian: kromo-
• → Italian: cromo, cromo-, -cromo, cromia, -cromia
• → Polish: chromo-, chromato-, -chromia
• → Portuguese: cromo-, cromo
• → Spanish: croma
• → Translingual: chroma

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χρῶμα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1653

Further reading

• “χρῶμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “χρῶμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• χρῶμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • colour idem, page 143.
  • complexion idem, page 152.
  • hue idem, page 409.
  • paint idem, page 589.
  • pigment idem, page 612.
  • stain idem, page 809.
  • tinge idem, page 876.
  • tint idem, page 877.
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, pages 143, 144
• “χρῶμα”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011