μύδρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• σμύδρος (smúdros)

Etymology

If related to μυδάω (mudáō, “to be damp, dripping”), which is formally proximate, this word originally denoted the molten, flowing metal mass as opposed to the hard iron. However, the technical meaning and the variant σμύδρος (smúdros) rather suggest a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /mý.dros/ → /ˈmy.ðros/ → /ˈmi.ðros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mý.dros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmy.dros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmy.ðros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmy.ðros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ðros/

Noun

μῠ́δρος • (mŭ́dros) m (genitive μῠ́δρου); second declension

1. metal or iron mass roasted in fire
2. anvil of stone or metal

   Synonym: ἄκμων (ákmōn)

3. red hot iron in the hands, as an ordeal
4. stone thrown out by a volcano, lapillus
5. red hot stone throw in a liquid to vaporize it

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μῠ́δρος ho mŭ́dros	τὼ μῠ́δρω tṑ mŭ́drō	οἱ μῠ́δροι hoi mŭ́droi
Genitive	τοῦ μῠ́δρου toû mŭ́drou	τοῖν μῠ́δροιν toîn mŭ́droin	τῶν μῠ́δρων tôn mŭ́drōn
Dative	τῷ μῠ́δρῳ tôi mŭ́drōi	τοῖν μῠ́δροιν toîn mŭ́droin	τοῖς μῠ́δροις toîs mŭ́drois
Accusative	τὸν μῠ́δρον tòn mŭ́dron	τὼ μῠ́δρω tṑ mŭ́drō	τοὺς μῠ́δρους toùs mŭ́drous
Vocative	μῠ́δρε mŭ́dre	μῠ́δρω mŭ́drō	μῠ́δροι mŭ́droi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁ μῠ́δρος; τοῦ μῠ́δρου (Attic)

Derived terms

• μυδρίασις (mudríasis)
• μυδροκτυπέω (mudroktupéō)
• μυδροκτύπος (mudroktúpos)

 

Descendants

• Greek: μύδρος (mýdros)

Further reading

• “μύδρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “μύδρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• μύδρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN