zingira

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-zingira (infinitive kuzingira)

1. to round up
2. to surround

Conjugation

Conjugation of -zingira
Positive present -nazingira Subjunctive -zingire Negative -zingiri Imperative singular zingira
Infinitives
Positive kuzingira Negative kutozingira
Imperatives
Singular zingira Plural zingireni
Tensed forms
Habitual huzingira Positive past positive subject concord + -lizingira Negative past negative subject concord + -kuzingira
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazingira) Singular Plural 1st person ninazingira/nazingira tunazingira 2nd person unazingira mnazingira 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anazingira wanazingira other classes positive subject concord + -nazingira
Negative present (negative subject concord + -zingiri) Singular Plural 1st person sizingiri hatuzingiri 2nd person huzingiri hamzingiri 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hazingiri hawazingiri other classes negative subject concord + -zingiri
Positive future positive subject concord + -tazingira Negative future negative subject concord + -tazingira
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zingire) Singular Plural 1st person nizingire tuzingire 2nd person uzingire mzingire 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azingire wazingire other classes positive subject concord + -zingire
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sizingire Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngezingira Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singezingira Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalizingira Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalizingira
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azingira) Singular Plural 1st person nazingira twazingira 2nd person wazingira mwazingira 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azingira wazingira m-mi(III/IV) wazingira yazingira ji-ma(V/VI) lazingira yazingira ki-vi(VII/VIII) chazingira vyazingira n(IX/X) yazingira zazingira u(XI) wazingira see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwazingira pa(XVI) pazingira mu(XVIII) mwazingira
Perfect positive subject concord + -mezingira "Already" positive subject concord + -meshazingira "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jazingira "If/When" positive subject concord + -kizingira "If not" positive subject concord + -sipozingira Consecutive kazingira / positive subject concord + -kazingira Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kazingire
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nizingira -tuzingira 2nd person -kuzingira -wazingira/-kuzingireni/-wazingireni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mzingira -wazingira m-mi(III/IV) -uzingira -izingira ji-ma(V/VI) -lizingira -yazingira ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kizingira -vizingira n(IX/X) -izingira -zizingira u(XI) -uzingira see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuzingira pa(XVI) -pazingira mu(XVIII) -muzingira Reflexive -jizingira
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zingira- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -zingiraye -zingirao m-mi(III/IV) -zingirao -zingirayo ji-ma(V/VI) -zingiralo -zingirayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -zingiracho -zingiravyo n(IX/X) -zingirayo -zingirazo u(XI) -zingirao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -zingirako pa(XVI) -zingirapo mu(XVIII) -zingiramo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zingira) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yezingira -ozingira m-mi(III/IV) -ozingira -yozingira ji-ma(V/VI) -lozingira -yozingira ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chozingira -vyozingira n(IX/X) -yozingira -zozingira u(XI) -ozingira see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kozingira pa(XVI) -pozingira mu(XVIII) -mozingira
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Nominal derivations:
  • mazingira (“environment; surroundings”)