sanus

Esperanto

Verb

sanus

1. conditional of sani

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sānos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-no-, from *seh₂- (“to satisfy”) (or perhaps *seh₂- (“to tie”)).^[1]

Alternative theories derive the word from Proto-Indo-European *swā-n- (“healthy; whole; active; vigorous”), and compare it to Ancient Greek σῶς (sôs), Dutch zoen (“kiss”) and gezond (“healthy”), German Sühne (“atonement”) and gesund (“healthy”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Others, such as Alberto Nocentini, consider the term an isolate, with no extra-Italic cognates.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈsaː.nus/, [ˈs̠äːnʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.nus/, [ˈsäːnus]

Adjective

sānus (feminine sāna, neuter sānum, comparative sānior, adverb sānē); first/second-declension adjective

1. sound in body, healthy, whole, well

   Synonyms: saluber, salvus, validus, integer, intactus, sospes, incolumis, sollus

   Antonyms: aeger, miser, fessus, īnfirmus, languidus

2. sound in mind, sane, well
3. (of style) correct, sensible, discreet, sober, chaste

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sānus	sāna	sānum		sānī	sānae	sāna
genitive	sānī	sānae	sānī		sānōrum	sānārum	sānōrum
dative	sānō	sānae	sānō		sānīs
accusative	sānum	sānam	sānum		sānōs	sānās	sāna
ablative	sānō	sānā	sānō		sānīs
vocative	sāne	sāna	sānum		sānī	sānae	sāna

Derived terms

• īnsānus
• sānābilis
• sānātiō
• sānātor
• sānātōrius
• sānē
• sānitās
• sāniter
• sānō
• vēsānus

Descendants

• Aromanian: sãn
• Asturian: sanu
• Catalan: sa
• English: sane
• Esperanto: sana
• Franco-Provençal: san
• French: sain
• Friulian: san
• Galician: san
• Ido: sana
• Italian: sano
• Occitan: san
• Portuguese: são
• Romanian: sănătos
• Romansch: saun, san
• Sardinian: sanu
• Sicilian: sanu
• Spanish: sano
• Venetan: san, sano

See also

• vērus

References

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sānus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 538

Further reading

• “sano” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN
• “sanus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sanus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sanus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • sound, unimpaired senses: sensus sani, integri, incorrupti
    
  • to be of sound mind: sanae mentis esse
    
  • are you in your right mind: satin (= satisne) sanus es?
    
  • (ambiguous) but this is not to the point: sed hoc nihil (sane) ad rem