petra

See also: Petra

English

Etymology

From Latin petra (“rock”). Doublet of piedra.

Noun

petra

1. stone, a weight equal to 14 pounds.
   • 1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 209:

     Generally, however, the stone or petra, almost always of 14 lbs., is used, the tod of 28 lbs., and the sack of thirteen stone.

Anagrams

• Peart, apert, apter, parte, pater, peart, petar, prate, preta, reapt, repat, retap, taper, trape, treap

Breton

Alternative forms

• p'ra

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tʁa/

Pronoun

petra

1. what?

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpetrɑ/, [ˈpe̞t̪rɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -etrɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pet‧ra

Noun

petra (dialectal)

1. Alternative form of peura

Declension

Inflection of petra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		petra	petrat
genitive		petran	petrojen
partitive		petraa	petroja
illative		petraan	petroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		petra	petrat
accusative	nom.	petra	petrat
	gen.	petran
genitive		petran	petrojen petrain rare
partitive		petraa	petroja
inessive		petrassa	petroissa
elative		petrasta	petroista
illative		petraan	petroihin
adessive		petralla	petroilla
ablative		petralta	petroilta
allative		petralle	petroille
essive		petrana	petroina
translative		petraksi	petroiksi
abessive		petratta	petroitta
instructive		—	petroin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of petra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative petrani petrani accusative nom. petrani petrani gen. petrani genitive petrani petrojeni petraini rare partitive petraani petrojani inessive petrassani petroissani elative petrastani petroistani illative petraani petroihini adessive petrallani petroillani ablative petraltani petroiltani allative petralleni petroilleni essive petranani petroinani translative petrakseni petroikseni abessive petrattani petroittani instructive — — comitative — petroineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative petrasi petrasi accusative nom. petrasi petrasi gen. petrasi genitive petrasi petrojesi petraisi rare partitive petraasi petrojasi inessive petrassasi petroissasi elative petrastasi petroistasi illative petraasi petroihisi adessive petrallasi petroillasi ablative petraltasi petroiltasi allative petrallesi petroillesi essive petranasi petroinasi translative petraksesi petroiksesi abessive petrattasi petroittasi instructive — — comitative — petroinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative petramme petramme accusative nom. petramme petramme gen. petramme genitive petramme petrojemme petraimme rare partitive petraamme petrojamme inessive petrassamme petroissamme elative petrastamme petroistamme illative petraamme petroihimme adessive petrallamme petroillamme ablative petraltamme petroiltamme allative petrallemme petroillemme essive petranamme petroinamme translative petraksemme petroiksemme abessive petrattamme petroittamme instructive — — comitative — petroinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative petranne petranne accusative nom. petranne petranne gen. petranne genitive petranne petrojenne petrainne rare partitive petraanne petrojanne inessive petrassanne petroissanne elative petrastanne petroistanne illative petraanne petroihinne adessive petrallanne petroillanne ablative petraltanne petroiltanne allative petrallenne petroillenne essive petrananne petroinanne translative petraksenne petroiksenne abessive petrattanne petroittanne instructive — — comitative — petroinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative petransa petransa accusative nom. petransa petransa gen. petransa genitive petransa petrojensa petrainsa rare partitive petraansa petrojaan petrojansa inessive petrassaan petrassansa petroissaan petroissansa elative petrastaan petrastansa petroistaan petroistansa illative petraansa petroihinsa adessive petrallaan petrallansa petroillaan petroillansa ablative petraltaan petraltansa petroiltaan petroiltansa allative petralleen petrallensa petroilleen petroillensa essive petranaan petranansa petroinaan petroinansa translative petrakseen petraksensa petroikseen petroiksensa abessive petrattaan petrattansa petroittaan petroittansa instructive — — comitative — petroineen petroinensa

Gallurese

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Latin petra, borrowed from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra), of unknown further etymology.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpetra/^[1]
• (La Maddalena) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛtra/^[1]

Noun

petra f (plural petri)

1. stone
   1. (uncountable) a hard earthen substance that can form large rocks
   2. a piece of stone

References

1. Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Gallurese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

Interlingua

Noun

petra (plural petras)

1. stone

Karelian

Regional variants of petra

North Karelian (Viena)	petra
South Karelian (Tver)	pedra

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pëtra. Cognates include Finnish peura and Veps pedr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpetrɑ/
• Hyphenation: pet‧ra

Noun

petra (genitive petran, partitive petrua)

1. (North Karelian) reindeer

Declension

Viena Karelian declension of petra (type 4/kala, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	petra	petrat
genitive	petran	petrojen
partitive	petrua	petroja
illative	petrah	petroih
inessive	petrašša	petroissa
elative	petrašta	petroista
adessive	petralla	petroilla
ablative	petralta	petroilta
translative	petrakši	petroiksi
essive	petrana	petroina
comitative	—	petroineh
abessive	petratta	petroitta

Possessive forms of petra
1st person	petrani
2nd person	petraš
3rd person	petrah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

• P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “petra”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN

Latin

Etymology

A late borrowing from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra, “rock”), further etymology unknown.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tra/, [ˈpɛt̪rä] or IPA^(key): /ˈpet.ra/, [ˈpɛt̪rä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tra/, [ˈpɛːt̪rä]

Noun

petra f (genitive petrae); first declension

1. stone, rock

   Synonyms: lapis, saxum, silex

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	petra	petrae
Genitive	petrae	petrārum
Dative	petrae	petrīs
Accusative	petram	petrās
Ablative	petrā	petrīs
Vocative	petra	petrae

Derived terms

• petrificātiō
• petrificō
• Petrus
• sāl petrae, sāl petræ (stone salt; that is, found as an incrustation)

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: cheatrã
  • Romanian: piatră
• Dalmatian:
  • pitra
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: petra
  • Gallurese: petra
  • Italian: pietra
  • Neapolitan: preta
  • Sassarese: predda
  • Sicilian: petra
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: piere
  • Istriot: pera
  • Ligurian: pria
  • Lombard: preja, preda
  • Piedmontese: preja, pera, pria, pira
  • Venetan: piera
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: pedra
  • Franco-Provençal: piérra
  • Occitan: pèira, peira
  • Old French: pierre
    • Middle French: pierre
      • French: pierre (see there for further descendants)
    • Walloon: pire
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: piedra
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: pedra
    • Fala: pedra, peira
    • Galician: pedra
    • Portuguese: pedra (see there for further descendants)
  • Spanish: piedra
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: petra, pedra, preda, perda
• Borrowings:
  • → English: petra
  • → Interlingua: petra

References

• “petra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “petra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• petra in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• petra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “petra”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
• “petra”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “petra”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
• “petra”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976), The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press

Polish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Masovia):
  • (Far Masovian) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.tra/

Noun

petra f

1. (Far Masovian) wooden ladle (large wooden spoon for placing food in a bowl)

Further reading

• Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “petra”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 118

Sicilian

Etymology

From Latin petra.

Noun

petra f

1. stone