lightness

English

Alternative forms

• lightnesse (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪtnəs/
• Hyphenation: light‧ness

Etymology 1

From Middle English lightnes, lightnesse,^[1] from Old English līhtnes, lȳhtnys (“enlightening, illumination”), from Proto-West Germanic *liuhtinassī; equivalent to light (“to make bright, illuminate”, verb) +‎ -ness (suffix forming nouns). Cognate with Old High German liuhtnissi (“illumination, enlightening”).

Noun

lightness (countable and uncountable, plural lightnesses)

1. (uncountable) the condition of being illuminated
2. (uncountable) the relative whiteness or transparency of a colour
3. (countable) The product of being illuminated.

Translations

the condition of being illuminated

Bulgarian: осветеност f (osvetenost) Finnish: valoisuus (fi) French: luminosité (fr) f Georgian: განათებულობა (ganatebuloba) Portuguese: claridade (pt) f, luminosidade (pt) f Russian: освещённость (ru) f (osveščónnostʹ) Serbo-Croatian: osvijetljenost f Volapük: klil (vo)

the relative whiteness or transparency of a colour

Bulgarian: светлост f (svetlost) Finnish: vaaleus (fi) French: clarté (fr) f Spanish: luminosidad (es) f, claridad (es) f

the product of being illuminated

Etymology 2

From Middle English lightnes, lightnesse,^[2] from Old English *lēohtnes (“lightness”) (compare Old English lēohtmōdnes (“lightness”, literally “light-moodedness”), līhtingnes (“lightness, alleviation”)); equivalent to light (“not heavy”, adjective) +‎ -ness (suffix forming nouns). Cognate with Middle Low German luchtnisse, lüchtnisse (“lightness, frivolity, joyfulness”).

Noun

lightness (uncountable)

1. The state of having little (or less) weight, or little force.
   • 1960 January, “The Swindon Type "4" diesel-hydraulic units”, in Trains Illustrated, page 39:

     The unique chassis design is largely the secret of the lightness of the locomotive.

2. Agility of movement.
3. Freedom from worry.
   • 1852, Mrs M.A. Thompson, “The Tutor's Daughter”, in Graham's American Monthly Magazine of Literature, Art, and Fashion, page 266:

     In the lightness of my heart I sang catches of songs as my horse gayly bore me along the well-remembered road.

4. Levity, frivolity; inconsistency.
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
     , New York 2001, p.75:

     Seneca […] accounts it a filthy lightness in men, every day to lay new foundations of their life, but who doth otherwise?

Translations

the state of having little weight

Arabic: خِفَّة f (ḵiffa) Bulgarian: лекота (bg) f (lekota) Catalan: lleugeresa (ca) f Finnish: keveys (fi) French: légèreté (fr) f Georgian: სიმსუბუქე (simsubuke) Italian: leggerezza (it) f Kyrgyz: жеңилдик (ky) (jeŋildik) Latin: levitās f Russian: лёгкость (ru) f (ljóxkostʹ) Serbo-Croatian: lakoća f Spanish: liviandad f Turkish: hafiflik (tr) Welsh: ysgafnder m

Agility of movement

Bulgarian: пъргавост (bg) f (pǎrgavost), подвижност (bg) f (podvižnost)

References

1. “lightnes(se, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2018, retrieved 8 November 2019.
2. “lightnes(se, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2018, retrieved 8 November 2019.

Anagrams

• nightless, slightens, thingless