hotkia

Finnish

Etymology

hotk- +‎ -ia, probably from a variant of hatka, and possibly also in part from eastern dialectal hotka (“quick, eager”), from Russian ходкий (xodkij, “quick”). According to SSA, sound-symbolic.^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhotkiɑˣ/, [ˈho̞t̪k̟iɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -otkiɑ
• Syllabification^(key): hot‧ki‧a

Verb

hotkia

1. (transitive) To wolf down, eat quickly, gulp, gobble, hog, gorge oneself on, stuff oneself with (without regard for table manners).

Usage notes

• Being a momentane verb, hotkaista is used when the amount of the food to be wolfed down is confined or the moment of eating is transient, whereas hotkia is used when the duration of the eating is longer, more continuous or more or less indefinite. The difference can sometimes be translated in English by using the continuous tense

  Pekka hotki omenia, kun minä tulin kotiin.

  Pekka was gorging himself on apples when I came home.

  Pekka hotkaisi omenan ja juoksi ovesta ulos.

  Pekka wolfed the apple down and ran out the door.

Conjugation

Inflection of hotkia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hotkin	en hotki	1st sing.	olen hotkinut	en ole hotkinut
2nd sing.		hotkit	et hotki	2nd sing.	olet hotkinut	et ole hotkinut
3rd sing.		hotkii	ei hotki	3rd sing.	on hotkinut	ei ole hotkinut
1st plur.		hotkimme	emme hotki	1st plur.	olemme hotkineet	emme ole hotkineet
2nd plur.		hotkitte	ette hotki	2nd plur.	olette hotkineet	ette ole hotkineet
3rd plur.		hotkivat	eivät hotki	3rd plur.	ovat hotkineet	eivät ole hotkineet
passive		hotkitaan	ei hotkita	passive	on hotkittu	ei ole hotkittu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hotkin	en hotkinut	1st sing.	olin hotkinut	en ollut hotkinut
2nd sing.		hotkit	et hotkinut	2nd sing.	olit hotkinut	et ollut hotkinut
3rd sing.		hotki	ei hotkinut	3rd sing.	oli hotkinut	ei ollut hotkinut
1st plur.		hotkimme	emme hotkineet	1st plur.	olimme hotkineet	emme olleet hotkineet
2nd plur.		hotkitte	ette hotkineet	2nd plur.	olitte hotkineet	ette olleet hotkineet
3rd plur.		hotkivat	eivät hotkineet	3rd plur.	olivat hotkineet	eivät olleet hotkineet
passive		hotkittiin	ei hotkittu	passive	oli hotkittu	ei ollut hotkittu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hotkisin	en hotkisi	1st sing.	olisin hotkinut	en olisi hotkinut
2nd sing.		hotkisit	et hotkisi	2nd sing.	olisit hotkinut	et olisi hotkinut
3rd sing.		hotkisi	ei hotkisi	3rd sing.	olisi hotkinut	ei olisi hotkinut
1st plur.		hotkisimme	emme hotkisi	1st plur.	olisimme hotkineet	emme olisi hotkineet
2nd plur.		hotkisitte	ette hotkisi	2nd plur.	olisitte hotkineet	ette olisi hotkineet
3rd plur.		hotkisivat	eivät hotkisi	3rd plur.	olisivat hotkineet	eivät olisi hotkineet
passive		hotkittaisiin	ei hotkittaisi	passive	olisi hotkittu	ei olisi hotkittu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		hotki	älä hotki	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		hotkikoon	älköön hotkiko	3rd sing.	olkoon hotkinut	älköön olko hotkinut
1st plur.		hotkikaamme	älkäämme hotkiko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		hotkikaa	älkää hotkiko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		hotkikoot	älkööt hotkiko	3rd plur.	olkoot hotkineet	älkööt olko hotkineet
passive		hotkittakoon	älköön hotkittako	passive	olkoon hotkittu	älköön olko hotkittu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hotkinen	en hotkine	1st sing.	lienen hotkinut	en liene hotkinut
2nd sing.		hotkinet	et hotkine	2nd sing.	lienet hotkinut	et liene hotkinut
3rd sing.		hotkinee	ei hotkine	3rd sing.	lienee hotkinut	ei liene hotkinut
1st plur.		hotkinemme	emme hotkine	1st plur.	lienemme hotkineet	emme liene hotkineet
2nd plur.		hotkinette	ette hotkine	2nd plur.	lienette hotkineet	ette liene hotkineet
3rd plur.		hotkinevat	eivät hotkine	3rd plur.	lienevät hotkineet	eivät liene hotkineet
passive		hotkittaneen	ei hotkittane	passive	lienee hotkittu	ei liene hotkittu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		hotkia		present	hotkiva	hotkittava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hotkiakseni hotkiaksemme 2nd hotkiaksesi hotkiaksenne 3rd hotkiakseen hotkiaksensa		past	hotkinut	hotkittu
2nd	inessive2	hotkiessa	hotkittaessa	agent4	hotkima
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hotkiessani hotkiessamme 2nd hotkiessasi hotkiessanne 3rd hotkiessaan hotkiessansa		negative	hotkimaton
	instructive	hotkien	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	hotkimassa	—
	elative	hotkimasta	—
	illative	hotkimaan	—
	adessive	hotkimalla	—
	abessive	hotkimatta	—
	instructive	hotkiman	hotkittaman
4th3	verbal noun	hotkiminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hotkimaisillani hotkimaisillamme 2nd hotkimaisillasi hotkimaisillanne 3rd hotkimaisillaan hotkimaisillansa

Synonyms

• (to wolf down, etc. — with the act being continuous): ahmia, ahnehtia

Derived terms

• hotkaista
• hotkiminen
• hotkinta

 

Related terms

• hotkaista

References

1. Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

Further reading

• “hotkia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• ahkiot, kihota