hluba

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-hluba

1. (transitive) to peel

   Synonyms: -chuba, -kela

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-hluba

1. (transitive) to peel, to strip, to bark
2. (transitive) to deprive of
3. (intransitive) to moult, to shed
4. (intransitive) to clear up, to become clear

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuhluba
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuhluba	ukungahlubi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	hluba	-hlube
Plural	hlubani	-hlubeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyahluba, ngihluba	engihlubayo, engihluba	ngihluba	angihlubi	engingahlubi	ngingahlubi
2nd singular	uyahluba, uhluba	ohlubayo, ohluba	uhluba	awuhlubi	ongahlubi	ungahlubi
1st plural	siyahluba, sihluba	esihlubayo, esihluba	sihluba	asihlubi	esingahlubi	singahlubi
2nd plural	niyahluba, nihluba	enihlubayo, enihluba	nihluba	anihlubi	eningahlubi	ningahlubi
Class 1	uyahluba, uhluba	ohlubayo, ohluba	ehluba	akahlubi	ongahlubi	engahlubi
Class 2	bayahluba, bahluba	abahlubayo, abahluba	behluba	abahlubi	abangahlubi	bengahlubi
Class 3	uyahluba, uhluba	ohlubayo, ohluba	uhluba	awuhlubi	ongahlubi	ungahlubi
Class 4	iyahluba, ihluba	ehlubayo, ehluba	ihluba	ayihlubi	engahlubi	ingahlubi
Class 5	liyahluba, lihluba	elihlubayo, elihluba	lihluba	alihlubi	elingahlubi	lingahlubi
Class 6	ayahluba, ahluba	ahlubayo, ahluba	ehluba	awahlubi	angahlubi	engahlubi
Class 7	siyahluba, sihluba	esihlubayo, esihluba	sihluba	asihlubi	esingahlubi	singahlubi
Class 8	ziyahluba, zihluba	ezihlubayo, ezihluba	zihluba	azihlubi	ezingahlubi	zingahlubi
Class 9	iyahluba, ihluba	ehlubayo, ehluba	ihluba	ayihlubi	engahlubi	ingahlubi
Class 10	ziyahluba, zihluba	ezihlubayo, ezihluba	zihluba	azihlubi	ezingahlubi	zingahlubi
Class 11	luyahluba, luhluba	oluhlubayo, oluhluba	luhluba	aluhlubi	olungahlubi	lungahlubi
Class 14	buyahluba, buhluba	obuhlubayo, obuhluba	buhluba	abuhlubi	obungahlubi	bungahlubi
Class 15	kuyahluba, kuhluba	okuhlubayo, okuhluba	kuhluba	akuhlubi	okungahlubi	kungahlubi
Class 17	kuyahluba, kuhluba	okuhlubayo, okuhluba	kuhluba	akuhlubi	okungahlubi	kungahlubi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngihlubile, ngihlubē	engihlubile, engihlubē	ngihlubile, ngihlubē	angihlubanga	engingahlubanga	ngingahlubanga
2nd singular	uhlubile, uhlubē	ohlubile, ohlubē	uhlubile, uhlubē	awuhlubanga	ongahlubanga	ungahlubanga
1st plural	sihlubile, sihlubē	esihlubile, esihlubē	sihlubile, sihlubē	asihlubanga	esingahlubanga	singahlubanga
2nd plural	nihlubile, nihlubē	enihlubile, enihlubē	nihlubile, nihlubē	anihlubanga	eningahlubanga	ningahlubanga
Class 1	uhlubile, uhlubē	ohlubile, ohlubē	ehlubile, ehlubē	akahlubanga	ongahlubanga	engahlubanga
Class 2	bahlubile, bahlubē	abahlubile, abahlubē	behlubile, behlubē	abahlubanga	abangahlubanga	bengahlubanga
Class 3	uhlubile, uhlubē	ohlubile, ohlubē	uhlubile, uhlubē	awuhlubanga	ongahlubanga	ungahlubanga
Class 4	ihlubile, ihlubē	ehlubile, ehlubē	ihlubile, ihlubē	ayihlubanga	engahlubanga	ingahlubanga
Class 5	lihlubile, lihlubē	elihlubile, elihlubē	lihlubile, lihlubē	alihlubanga	elingahlubanga	lingahlubanga
Class 6	ahlubile, ahlubē	ahlubile, ahlubē	ehlubile, ehlubē	awahlubanga	angahlubanga	engahlubanga
Class 7	sihlubile, sihlubē	esihlubile, esihlubē	sihlubile, sihlubē	asihlubanga	esingahlubanga	singahlubanga
Class 8	zihlubile, zihlubē	ezihlubile, ezihlubē	zihlubile, zihlubē	azihlubanga	ezingahlubanga	zingahlubanga
Class 9	ihlubile, ihlubē	ehlubile, ehlubē	ihlubile, ihlubē	ayihlubanga	engahlubanga	ingahlubanga
Class 10	zihlubile, zihlubē	ezihlubile, ezihlubē	zihlubile, zihlubē	azihlubanga	ezingahlubanga	zingahlubanga
Class 11	luhlubile, luhlubē	oluhlubile, oluhlubē	luhlubile, luhlubē	aluhlubanga	olungahlubanga	lungahlubanga
Class 14	buhlubile, buhlubē	obuhlubile, obuhlubē	buhlubile, buhlubē	abuhlubanga	obungahlubanga	bungahlubanga
Class 15	kuhlubile, kuhlubē	okuhlubile, okuhlubē	kuhlubile, kuhlubē	akuhlubanga	okungahlubanga	kungahlubanga
Class 17	kuhlubile, kuhlubē	okuhlubile, okuhlubē	kuhlubile, kuhlubē	akuhlubanga	okungahlubanga	kungahlubanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāhluba	engāhluba	ngāhluba	angihlubanga	engingahlubanga	ngingahlubanga
2nd singular	wāhluba	owāhluba	wāhluba	awuhlubanga	ongahlubanga	ungahlubanga
1st plural	sāhluba	esāhluba	sāhluba	asihlubanga	esingahlubanga	singahlubanga
2nd plural	nāhluba	enāhluba	nāhluba	anihlubanga	eningahlubanga	ningahlubanga
Class 1	wāhluba	owāhluba	āhluba	akahlubanga	ongahlubanga	engahlubanga
Class 2	bāhluba	abāhluba	bāhluba	abahlubanga	abangahlubanga	bengahlubanga
Class 3	wāhluba	owāhluba	wāhluba	awuhlubanga	ongahlubanga	ungahlubanga
Class 4	yāhluba	eyāhluba	yāhluba	ayihlubanga	engahlubanga	ingahlubanga
Class 5	lāhluba	elāhluba	lāhluba	alihlubanga	elingahlubanga	lingahlubanga
Class 6	āhluba	āhluba	āhluba	awahlubanga	angahlubanga	engahlubanga
Class 7	sāhluba	esāhluba	sāhluba	asihlubanga	esingahlubanga	singahlubanga
Class 8	zāhluba	ezāhluba	zāhluba	azihlubanga	ezingahlubanga	zingahlubanga
Class 9	yāhluba	eyāhluba	yāhluba	ayihlubanga	engahlubanga	ingahlubanga
Class 10	zāhluba	ezāhluba	zāhluba	azihlubanga	ezingahlubanga	zingahlubanga
Class 11	lwāhluba	olwāhluba	lwāhluba	aluhlubanga	olungahlubanga	lungahlubanga
Class 14	bāhluba	obāhluba	bāhluba	abuhlubanga	obungahlubanga	bungahlubanga
Class 15	kwāhluba	okwāhluba	kwāhluba	akuhlubanga	okungahlubanga	kungahlubanga
Class 17	kwāhluba	okwāhluba	kwāhluba	akuhlubanga	okungahlubanga	kungahlubanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingahluba	—	ngingahluba	ngingehlube	—	ngingehlube
2nd singular	ungahluba	—	ungahluba	ungehlube	—	ungehlube
1st plural	singahluba	—	singahluba	singehlube	—	singehlube
2nd plural	ningahluba	—	ningahluba	ningehlube	—	ningehlube
Class 1	angahluba	—	engahluba	angehlube	—	engehlube
Class 2	bangahluba	—	bengahluba	bangehlube	—	bengehlube
Class 3	ungahluba	—	ungahluba	ungehlube	—	ungehlube
Class 4	ingahluba	—	ingahluba	ingehlube	—	ingehlube
Class 5	lingahluba	—	lingahluba	lingehlube	—	lingehlube
Class 6	angahluba	—	engahluba	angehlube	—	engehlube
Class 7	singahluba	—	singahluba	singehlube	—	singehlube
Class 8	zingahluba	—	zingahluba	zingehlube	—	zingehlube
Class 9	ingahluba	—	ingahluba	ingehlube	—	ingehlube
Class 10	zingahluba	—	zingahluba	zingehlube	—	zingehlube
Class 11	lungahluba	—	lungahluba	lungehlube	—	lungehlube
Class 14	bungahluba	—	bungahluba	bungehlube	—	bungehlube
Class 15	kungahluba	—	kungahluba	kungehlube	—	kungehlube
Class 17	kungahluba	—	kungahluba	kungehlube	—	kungehlube
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizohluba	engizohluba	ngizohluba	angizuhluba	engingezuhluba	ngingezuhluba
2nd singular	uzohluba	ozohluba	uzohluba	awuzuhluba	ongezuhluba	ungezuhluba
1st plural	sizohluba	esizohluba	sizohluba	asizuhluba	esingezuhluba	singezuhluba
2nd plural	nizohluba	enizohluba	nizohluba	anizuhluba	eningezuhluba	ningezuhluba
Class 1	uzohluba	ozohluba	ezohluba	akazuhluba	ongezuhluba	engezuhluba
Class 2	bazohluba	abazohluba	bezohluba	abazuhluba	abangezuhluba	bengezuhluba
Class 3	uzohluba	ozohluba	uzohluba	awuzuhluba	ongezuhluba	ungezuhluba
Class 4	izohluba	ezohluba	izohluba	ayizuhluba	engezuhluba	ingezuhluba
Class 5	lizohluba	elizohluba	lizohluba	alizuhluba	elingezuhluba	lingezuhluba
Class 6	azohluba	azohluba	ezohluba	awazuhluba	angezuhluba	engezuhluba
Class 7	sizohluba	esizohluba	sizohluba	asizuhluba	esingezuhluba	singezuhluba
Class 8	zizohluba	ezizohluba	zizohluba	azizuhluba	ezingezuhluba	zingezuhluba
Class 9	izohluba	ezohluba	izohluba	ayizuhluba	engezuhluba	ingezuhluba
Class 10	zizohluba	ezizohluba	zizohluba	azizuhluba	ezingezuhluba	zingezuhluba
Class 11	luzohluba	oluzohluba	luzohluba	aluzuhluba	olungezuhluba	lungezuhluba
Class 14	buzohluba	obuzohluba	buzohluba	abuzuhluba	obungezuhluba	bungezuhluba
Class 15	kuzohluba	okuzohluba	kuzohluba	akuzuhluba	okungezuhluba	kungezuhluba
Class 17	kuzohluba	okuzohluba	kuzohluba	akuzuhluba	okungezuhluba	kungezuhluba
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyohluba	engiyohluba	ngiyohluba	angiyuhluba	engingeyuhluba	ngingeyuhluba
2nd singular	uyohluba	oyohluba	uyohluba	awuyuhluba	ongeyuhluba	ungeyuhluba
1st plural	siyohluba	esiyohluba	siyohluba	asiyuhluba	esingeyuhluba	singeyuhluba
2nd plural	niyohluba	eniyohluba	niyohluba	aniyuhluba	eningeyuhluba	ningeyuhluba
Class 1	uyohluba	oyohluba	eyohluba	akayuhluba	ongeyuhluba	engeyuhluba
Class 2	bayohluba	abayohluba	beyohluba	abayuhluba	abangeyuhluba	bengeyuhluba
Class 3	uyohluba	oyohluba	uyohluba	awuyuhluba	ongeyuhluba	ungeyuhluba
Class 4	iyohluba	eyohluba	iyohluba	ayiyuhluba	engeyuhluba	ingeyuhluba
Class 5	liyohluba	eliyohluba	liyohluba	aliyuhluba	elingeyuhluba	lingeyuhluba
Class 6	ayohluba	ayohluba	eyohluba	awayuhluba	angeyuhluba	engeyuhluba
Class 7	siyohluba	esiyohluba	siyohluba	asiyuhluba	esingeyuhluba	singeyuhluba
Class 8	ziyohluba	eziyohluba	ziyohluba	aziyuhluba	ezingeyuhluba	zingeyuhluba
Class 9	iyohluba	eyohluba	iyohluba	ayiyuhluba	engeyuhluba	ingeyuhluba
Class 10	ziyohluba	eziyohluba	ziyohluba	aziyuhluba	ezingeyuhluba	zingeyuhluba
Class 11	luyohluba	oluyohluba	luyohluba	aluyuhluba	olungeyuhluba	lungeyuhluba
Class 14	buyohluba	obuyohluba	buyohluba	abuyuhluba	obungeyuhluba	bungeyuhluba
Class 15	kuyohluba	okuyohluba	kuyohluba	akuyuhluba	okungeyuhluba	kungeyuhluba
Class 17	kuyohluba	okuyohluba	kuyohluba	akuyuhluba	okungeyuhluba	kungeyuhluba
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngihlube	ngingahlubi
2nd singular	uhlube	ungahlubi
1st plural	sihlube	singahlubi
2nd plural	nihlube	ningahlubi
Class 1	ahlube	angahlubi
Class 2	bahlube	bangahlubi
Class 3	uhlube	ungahlubi
Class 4	ihlube	ingahlubi
Class 5	lihlube	lingahlubi
Class 6	ahlube	angahlubi
Class 7	sihlube	singahlubi
Class 8	zihlube	zingahlubi
Class 9	ihlube	ingahlubi
Class 10	zihlube	zingahlubi
Class 11	luhlube	lungahlubi
Class 14	buhlube	bungahlubi
Class 15	kuhlube	kungahlubi
Class 17	kuhlube	kungahlubi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngahluba	ngangahluba, angahluba, angangahluba
2nd singular	wahluba	wangahluba, awahluba, awangahluba
1st plural	sahluba	sangahluba, asahluba, asangahluba
2nd plural	nahluba	nangahluba, anahluba, anangahluba
Class 1	wahluba	wangahluba, akahluba, akangahluba
Class 2	bahluba	bangahluba, abahluba, abangahluba
Class 3	wahluba	wangahluba, awahluba, awangahluba
Class 4	yahluba	yangahluba, ayahluba, ayangahluba
Class 5	lahluba	langahluba, alahluba, alangahluba
Class 6	ahluba	angahluba, awahluba, awangahluba
Class 7	sahluba	sangahluba, asahluba, asangahluba
Class 8	zahluba	zangahluba, azahluba, azangahluba
Class 9	yahluba	yangahluba, ayahluba, ayangahluba
Class 10	zahluba	zangahluba, azahluba, azangahluba
Class 11	lwahluba	lwangahluba, alwahluba, alwangahluba
Class 14	bahluba	bangahluba, abahluba, abangahluba
Class 15	kwahluba	kwangahluba, akwahluba, akwangahluba
Class 17	kwahluba	kwangahluba, akwahluba, akwangahluba

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “hluɓa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “hluɓa (6.3)”