eng

See also: Appendix:Variations of "eng"

Translingual

Symbol

eng

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for English.

English

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /ɛŋ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛŋ

Etymology 1

Probably from Dutch eng (“narrow”), also compare Old English enge (“narrow”), from Proto-West Germanic *angī, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *anguz.

No mention of the word is found in any surviving Middle English text, save for the Middle English compound word ang-nail. Related to Dutch eng (“narrow”), German eng (“narrow”), Low German enj (“confined, narrow”), Luxembourgish enk (“narrow”).

Adjective

eng

1. (regional, obsolete) Narrow.

   The hole was too eng for him to get through.

References

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language
• The Middle English Dictionary
• bosworthtoller.com

Etymology 2

Probably created in analogy with other names for nasal consonants em (m) and en (n).

Noun

eng (plural engs)

1. Roman alphabet ŋ: The Latin-based letter formed by combining the letters n and g, used in the IPA, Saami, Mende, and some Australian aboriginal languages. In the IPA, it represents the voiced velar nasal, the ng sound in running and rink. .

Synonyms

• agma
• (ŋ): engma

Derived terms

(ŋ):

• feng
• heng

Anagrams

• Neg, -gen, neg, GEN, /neg, gen, gen., neg., NGE, /gen, Gen, NEG, Gen.

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *anga, related to Lithuanian angùs (“sluggish, lazy, idle”), éngti (“to strangle”), Latvian îgt (“to wear off, to languish”), and Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌿𐍃 (aggwus, “narrow”).^[1]

Adjective

eng (feminine enge)

1. deaf and dumb

Synonyms

• shtemët

Related terms

• ang

References

1. Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 88

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse eng.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛnɡ/, [ɛŋˀ]

Noun

eng c (singular definite engen, plural indefinite enge)

1. A meadow.

Inflection

Declension of eng

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	eng	engen	enge	engene
genitive	engs	engens	enges	engenes

Derived terms

• blomstereng
• engareal
• engdrag
• engkarse
• græseng
• marskeng
• strandeng

References

• “eng” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “eng” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛŋ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: eng
• Rhymes: -ɛŋ
• Homophone: Eng

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch enge, from Old Dutch *engi, from Proto-West Germanic *angī, from Proto-Germanic *anguz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énǵʰus. Cognate with German eng, from Old High German engi.

Adjective

eng (comparative enger, superlative engst)

1. scary, creepy
2. narrow
3. small

Declension

Declension of eng
uninflected	eng
inflected	enge
comparative	enger
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		eng	enger	het engst het engste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	enge	engere	engste
	n. sing.	eng	enger	engste
	plural	enge	engere	engste
definite		enge	engere	engste
partitive		engs	engers	—

Derived terms

• doodeng
• engerd
• engheid
• engnek
• engte

Descendants

• Afrikaans: eng
• →? English: eng

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch enc.

Noun

eng m (plural engen)

1. Alternative form of enk

Anagrams

• gen

German

Alternative forms

• enge (archaic, as a byform until earlier 20th c.)

Etymology

From Middle High German enge, from Old High German engi, from Proto-West Germanic *angī.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛŋ/

• Audio (Berlin):

  (file)

• Audio (Germany):

  (file)

• Audio (Austria):

  (file)

Adjective

eng (strong nominative masculine singular enger, comparative enger, superlative am engsten)

1. narrow, tight

   enge Hosen ― tight trousers

2. (of relationships) close

   enge Freunde ― close friends

Declension

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist eng	sie ist eng	es ist eng	sie sind eng
strong declension (without article)	nominative	enger	enge	enges	enge
	genitive	engen	enger	engen	enger
	dative	engem	enger	engem	engen
	accusative	engen	enge	enges	enge
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der enge	die enge	das enge	die engen
	genitive	des engen	der engen	des engen	der engen
	dative	dem engen	der engen	dem engen	den engen
	accusative	den engen	die enge	das enge	die engen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein enger	eine enge	ein enges	(keine) engen
	genitive	eines engen	einer engen	eines engen	(keiner) engen
	dative	einem engen	einer engen	einem engen	(keinen) engen
	accusative	einen engen	eine enge	ein enges	(keine) engen

Positive forms of eng

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist enger	sie ist enger	es ist enger	sie sind enger
strong declension (without article)	nominative	engerer	engere	engeres	engere
	genitive	engeren	engerer	engeren	engerer
	dative	engerem	engerer	engerem	engeren
	accusative	engeren	engere	engeres	engere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der engere	die engere	das engere	die engeren
	genitive	des engeren	der engeren	des engeren	der engeren
	dative	dem engeren	der engeren	dem engeren	den engeren
	accusative	den engeren	die engere	das engere	die engeren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein engerer	eine engere	ein engeres	(keine) engeren
	genitive	eines engeren	einer engeren	eines engeren	(keiner) engeren
	dative	einem engeren	einer engeren	einem engeren	(keinen) engeren
	accusative	einen engeren	eine engere	ein engeres	(keine) engeren

Comparative forms of eng

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist am engsten	sie ist am engsten	es ist am engsten	sie sind am engsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	engster	engste	engstes	engste
	genitive	engsten	engster	engsten	engster
	dative	engstem	engster	engstem	engsten
	accusative	engsten	engste	engstes	engste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der engste	die engste	das engste	die engsten
	genitive	des engsten	der engsten	des engsten	der engsten
	dative	dem engsten	der engsten	dem engsten	den engsten
	accusative	den engsten	die engste	das engste	die engsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein engster	eine engste	ein engstes	(keine) engsten
	genitive	eines engsten	einer engsten	eines engsten	(keiner) engsten
	dative	einem engsten	einer engsten	einem engsten	(keinen) engsten
	accusative	einen engsten	eine engste	ein engstes	(keine) engsten

Superlative forms of eng

Related terms

• Angst
• enganliegend
• engbefreundet
• Enge
• engen
• Engheit
• engherzig
• Engelaut
• Engpass
• engsichtig

Further reading

• “eng” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “eng” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “eng” in Duden online

Kankanaey

Pronunciation

• (Standard Kankanaey) IPA^(key): /ˈʔəŋ/ [ˈʔɨŋ]
• Rhymes: -əŋ
• Syllabification: eng

Noun

ëng (plural ëëng)

1. nose
2. (Bauko, Kapangan) human nose

Synonyms

Southern / Central
Benguet	Mankayan	eng
	Bakun	eng, ing
	Kapangan	eng (human) songsong (animal)
	Kibungan	eng, ing
	Buguias	eleng
Mt. Province	Bauko	eng (human) tupek, songod (animal)
Northern / Applai
Mt. Province	parts of Tadian	eng
	parts of Bauko	eng (human) tupek, songod (animal)
	Sagada	eng
	Besao	eng
	parts of Sabangan	eng

Dialectal synonyms of eng (nose)

References

• Morice Vanoverbergh (1982) “Kankanay Anatomy: A Lexicon”, in Asian Folklore Studies‎, volume 41, number 1 (overall work in English and Kankanaey), Nanzan University, →DOI, page 84

Kosraean

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *aŋin, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *haŋin. Compare Tagalog hangin, Malagasy anina, Pohnpeian ahng, Fijian cagi, Tongan angi, Samoan agi, Hawaiian ani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eŋ/

Noun

eng

1. wind

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /æŋ/

Article

eng f

1. Feminine singular indefinite article: a, an

   Si huet zwéin Hënn an eng Kaz.

   She has two dogs and a cat.

2. Plural indefinite article: some; only used in wéi eng (“what kind of”), sou eng (“such, this kind of”), and to indicate a vague number before numerals and certain adjectives like ettlech

   Si huet eng fofzéng Kazen.

   She has some fifteen cats.

Declension

Luxembourgish indefinite articles

	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nom./acc.	en	eng	en	(eng)
dative	engem	enger	engem	(engen)

Plural forms indicate a vague number (before numerals and certain adjectives).

Mandarin

Romanization

eng

1. Nonstandard spelling of ēng.
2. Nonstandard spelling of éng.
3. Nonstandard spelling of ěng.
4. Nonstandard spelling of èng.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Mokilese

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *aŋin (“wind”), from Proto-Austronesian *haŋin (“wind”)

Noun

eng

1. wind

Derived terms

• ukeng

References

• Harrison, Sheldon P., Mokilese-English Dictionary, University of Hawaii Press 1977

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse eng.

Noun

eng f or m (definite singular enga or engen, indefinite plural enger, definite plural engene)

1. a meadow

Derived terms

• blomstereng
• kløvereng
• slåtteeng

References

• “eng” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse eng, from Proto-Germanic *angijō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛŋː/

Noun

eng f (definite singular enga, indefinite plural enger, definite plural engene)

1. a meadow

Inflection

Historical inflection of eng

		singular		plural
		indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
Aasen1		Eng	Engi	Engjar	Engjarna
1901					engjarne (engjane)
1917			enga, engi	engjar [enger]	engjane [engene]
1938			enga [engi]	enger	engene
2012 (current)		eng	enga	enger	engene

• Forms in italics are currently considered non-standard.
• Forms in [brackets] were official, but considered second-tier.
• Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen.
• ¹Nouns were capitalised for most of the 19th century.

References

• “eng” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Frisian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈeːŋ/, [ˈɛːŋ]

Determiner

ēng

1. Alternative form of ēnich

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• engi

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *angijō f.

Noun

eng f or n

1. meadow

Declension

Declension of eng (strong jō-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	eng	engin	engjar	engjarnar
accusative	eng	engina	engjar	engjarnar
dative	eng	enginni	engjum	engjunum
genitive	engjar	engjarinnar	engja	engjanna

Declension of eng (strong ja-stem)

neuter	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	eng	engit	eng	engin
accusative	eng	engit	eng	engin
dative	engi	enginu	engjum	engjunum
genitive	engs	engsins	engja	engjanna

Derived terms

• engibúi m
• engidalr m (“meadow-valley”)
• engidómr m
• engilykkja f (“an enclosed piece of meadow”)
• engimark n
• engishǫfn f (“possession of a meadow”)
• engiskipti n (“division of a meadow”)
• engiskiptisbúi m
• engismaðr m (“owner of a meadow”)
• engisprett n (“grasshopper, locust”)
• engiteigr m (“strip of meadow-land”)
• engiverk n (“meadow work”)
• engivǫxtr m (“that which grows upon meadows”)
• engjadómr m
• engjagrasnautn n (“grazing right”)
• engjamerki n (“boundary between meadow-lands”)
• engjaskipti n (“division of a meadow”)
• engjateigr m (“strip of meadow-land”)
• engjavǫxtr m

Descendants

• Icelandic: eng f, engi n
• Faroese: ong f
• Norwegian Nynorsk: eng f, enge n
• Norwegian Bokmål: eng f
• Old Swedish: æng, ænge
  • Swedish: äng c
• Danish: eng c
  • Norwegian Bokmål: eng m

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “eng1”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “eng2”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Swedish

Noun

eng c

1. Archaic spelling of äng (“meadow”).

See also

• eng. (“English”)

Uzbek

Etymology

Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰭 (ŋ /⁠eŋ⁠/), Kazakh ең (eñ), Azerbaijani ən, Kyrgyz эң (eŋ), Turkish en, and Turkmen iň.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eŋ/

Adverb

Other scripts

Yangi Imlo
Cyrillic	энг‍
Latin	eng‍
Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan)

eng

1. the most ..., the ...-est (marks the superlative degree of adjectives)

   eng so'nggi yangiliklar

   the latest news

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

• (Northern Vietnam, South Vietnam) anh

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *ʔɛːŋ.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɛŋ˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɛŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʔɛŋ˧˧]

Noun

eng

1. (North Central Vietnam) elder brother

   Antonyms: tam, ún

   eng ả tam ― brothers and sisters

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛŋ/

Noun

eng f (plural engiau)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter Ng/ng.

Mutation

Mutated forms of èng

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
èng	unchanged	unchanged	hèng

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol / u gwpan, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd