crucio

Latin

Etymology

From crux (“cross”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkrʊ.ki.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkruː.t͡ʃi.o]

Verb

cruciō (present infinitive cruciāre, perfect active cruciāvī, supine cruciātum); first conjugation

1. to crucify
2. to torture

   Synonym: verberō

Conjugation

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	cruciō		cruciās		cruciat		cruciāmus		cruciātis		cruciant
	imperfect	cruciābam		cruciābās		cruciābat		cruciābāmus		cruciābātis		cruciābant
	future	cruciābō		cruciābis		cruciābit		cruciābimus		cruciābitis		cruciābunt
	perfect	cruciāvī		cruciāvistī		cruciāvit		cruciāvimus		cruciāvistis		cruciāvērunt, cruciāvēre
	pluperfect	cruciāveram		cruciāverās		cruciāverat		cruciāverāmus		cruciāverātis		cruciāverant
	future perfect	cruciāverō		cruciāveris		cruciāverit		cruciāverimus		cruciāveritis		cruciāverint
passive	present	crucior		cruciāris, cruciāre		cruciātur		cruciāmur		cruciāminī		cruciantur
	imperfect	cruciābar		cruciābāris, cruciābāre		cruciābātur		cruciābāmur		cruciābāminī		cruciābantur
	future	cruciābor		cruciāberis, cruciābere		cruciābitur		cruciābimur		cruciābiminī		cruciābuntur
	perfect	cruciātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cruciātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cruciātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	cruciem		cruciēs		cruciet		cruciēmus		cruciētis		crucient
	imperfect	cruciārem		cruciārēs		cruciāret		cruciārēmus		cruciārētis		cruciārent
	perfect	cruciāverim		cruciāverīs		cruciāverit		cruciāverīmus		cruciāverītis		cruciāverint
	pluperfect	cruciāvissem		cruciāvissēs		cruciāvisset		cruciāvissēmus		cruciāvissētis		cruciāvissent
passive	present	crucier		cruciēris, cruciēre		cruciētur		cruciēmur		cruciēminī		crucientur
	imperfect	cruciārer		cruciārēris, cruciārēre		cruciārētur		cruciārēmur		cruciārēminī		cruciārentur
	perfect	cruciātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	cruciātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		cruciā		—		—		cruciāte		—
	future	—		cruciātō		cruciātō		—		cruciātōte		cruciantō
passive	present	—		cruciāre		—		—		cruciāminī		—
	future	—		cruciātor		cruciātor		—		—		cruciantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		cruciāre			cruciārī			cruciāns			—
future		cruciātūrum esse			cruciātum īrī			cruciātūrus			cruciandus
perfect		cruciāvisse			cruciātum esse			—			cruciātus
future perfect		—			cruciātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		cruciātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		cruciandī		cruciandō		cruciandum		cruciandō		cruciātum		cruciātū

   Conjugation of cruciō (first conjugation)

Derived terms

• cruciābilis
• cruciābilitās
• cruciābiliter
• cruciābundus
• cruciāmen
• cruciāmentum
• cruciātiō
• cruciātor
• cruciātōrius
• cruciātus
• excruciō

References

• “crucio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “crucio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• crucio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to suffer agonies of thirst: siti cruciari, premi
    
  • to feel acute pain: doloribus premi, angi, ardere, cruciari, distineri et divelli
    
  • to suffer torments of expectation, delay: exspectatione torqueri, cruciari
    
  • the pains of torture: cruciatūs tormentorum