confusus

Latin

Etymology

The perfect passive participle of cōnfundere (“to pour together; to mix; to confuse”), from con- (“with, together”) +‎ fundere (“to pour”), q.v.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /konˈfuː.sus/, [kõːˈfuːs̠ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /konˈfu.sus/, [koɱˈfuːs̬us]

Participle

cōnfūsus (feminine cōnfūsa, neuter cōnfūsum, comparative cōnfūsior, superlative cōnfūsissimus); first/second-declension participle

1. mixed, mingled, having been poured together
2. united, joined, having been combined
3. confounded, confused, having been brought into disorder

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	cōnfūsus	cōnfūsa	cōnfūsum		cōnfūsī	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsa
genitive	cōnfūsī	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsī		cōnfūsōrum	cōnfūsārum	cōnfūsōrum
dative	cōnfūsō	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsō		cōnfūsīs
accusative	cōnfūsum	cōnfūsam	cōnfūsum		cōnfūsōs	cōnfūsās	cōnfūsa
ablative	cōnfūsō	cōnfūsā	cōnfūsō		cōnfūsīs
vocative	cōnfūse	cōnfūsa	cōnfūsum		cōnfūsī	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsa

Derived terms

• cōnfūsibilia
• cōnfūsibilis
• cōnfūsibilitās
• cōnfūsibiliter
• cōnfūsiō
• incōnfūsus

Descendants

• Catalan: confós
• → French: confus
• → German: konfus
• Italian: confuso
• → English: confuse
• → Portuguese: confuso
• → Romanian: confuz
• → Spanish: confuso

References

• “confusus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “confusus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• confusus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to arrange on strictly logical principles: ratione, eleganter (opp. nulla ratione, ineleganter, confuse) disponere aliquid
    
  • to be confused: confusum, perturbatum esse