brisid

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɾʲɪʃɪdʲ/

Verb

brisid

1. (Munster, otherwise archaic) third-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of bris

Usage notes

The modern standard forms are briseann siad in the indicative and go mbrise siad in the subjunctive.

Mutation

Mutated forms of brisid

radical	lenition	eclipsis
brisid	bhrisid	mbrisid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• brissid

Etymology

Denominative from bres (“fight, combat”), from Proto-Celtic *brestā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰres- (“to burst, break”).^[1] Cognate with Old English berstan and Old High German brestan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbʲrʲisʲiðʲ]

Verb

bris(s)id (conjunct ·bris(s)i, verbal noun bris(s)ed)

1. to break, to smash
2. to defeat

Inflection

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Abs.			brisid, brissid				bristir
	Conj.			·brisi, ·brissi; nod·mbrisi (with infixed pronoun d-)				·brister, ·brisster
	Rel.							brister, brisster
Imperfect indicative				·brissed
Preterite	Abs.			brisis, brissis, brisiss, brississ				briste	bristi
	Conj.	·brisus, ·brisius	·brisis, ·brissis, ·brisiss, ·brississ	·bris, ·briss			·brisiset	·brissed
	Rel.			brisis, brissis, brisiss, brississ
Perfect	Deut.	ro·brisius		ro·bris, ro·briss; ros·briss (with infixed pronoun s-)			ro·brisiset
	Prot.			·robris
Future	Abs.
	Conj.							·brisbedar
	Rel.			brisfes
Conditional
Present subjunctive	Abs.			brisid, brissid
	Conj.	·bris, ·briss
	Rel.
Past subjunctive				·brissed
Imperative			bris, briss	brissed		brisid, brissid		·brister, ·brisster
Verbal noun		brised, brissed
Past participle		briste
Verbal of necessity		bristi

Simple, class A II present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive

Derived terms

• for·brissi

Descendants

• Irish: bris
• Manx: brish
• Scottish Gaelic: bris

Mutation

Mutation of brisid

radical	lenition	nasalization
brisid	brisid pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/	mbrisid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

1. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*brestā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 76

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “bris(s)id”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language