besudeln
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Etymology
From Middle High German besudeln, besodeln, besodelen, equivalent to be- + Sudel (“puddle; muck”), from Middle Low German sudde (“swamp; marsh”). Akin to Middle High German sutte (“puddle; mudhole”), Old English ġesyd (“wallowing hole”).
Pronunciation
Verb
besudeln (weak, third-person singular present besudelt, past tense besudelte, past participle besudelt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to sully
Conjugation
| infinitive | besudeln | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | besudelnd | ||||
| past participle | besudelt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich besudle ich besudele ich besudel |
wir besudeln | i | ich besudele ich besudle |
wir besudeln |
| du besudelst | ihr besudelt | du besudelest du besudlest |
ihr besudelet ihr besudlet | ||
| er besudelt | sie besudeln | er besudele er besudle |
sie besudeln | ||
| preterite | ich besudelte | wir besudelten | ii | ich besudelte1 | wir besudelten1 |
| du besudeltest | ihr besudeltet | du besudeltest1 | ihr besudeltet1 | ||
| er besudelte | sie besudelten | er besudelte1 | sie besudelten1 | ||
| imperative | besudle (du) besudel (du) besudele (du) |
besudelt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Descendants
- → Dutch: bezoedelen
- Afrikaans: besoedel
Further reading
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