-len

See also: Appendix:Variations of "len"

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably a compound suffix from el (“past, over”) +‎ -en (adverb-forming suffix) meaning past a certain time, space or number.^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lɛn]
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Suffix

-len

1. (adverb-forming suffix, rare, archaic) Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (“until, till, up to”) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary).

   ‎pedig + ‎-len → ‎pediglen

   ‎eddig + ‎-len → ‎eddiglen

Usage notes

• (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:

  -lan is added to back-vowel words

  -len is added to front-vowel words

Derived terms

Hungarian adverbs suffixed with -len

References

1. -lan in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (“A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.

Middle English

Suffix

-len

1. Alternative form of -elen

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish [Term?]. Analyzable as -le (“noun-to-verb maker”) + -n (“reflexive mood”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /læn/

Suffix

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U	E / İ / Ö / Ü
-lan	-len

-len

1. Forms passive verb stems from nouns.

   ‎sinir (“anger”) + ‎-len → ‎sinirlenmek (“to get angry”)

   ‎endişe (“anxiety”) + ‎-len → ‎endişelenmek (“to get anxious”)

Derived terms

Turkish terms suffixed with -len