-ják

See also: Appendix:Variations of "jak"

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jaːk]

Etymology 1

From -ja (third-person singular suffix) +‎ -k (plural suffix).

Suffix

-ják

2. (personal suffix) Forms the third-person plural present indicative of verbs (definite conjugation).

   hall (“to hear”) → Nem hallják, amit mondasz. ― They can’t hear what you are saying.

Usage notes

• See harmonic variants in the table below.

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
			unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-od	-ed	-öd
ő maga ön	3rd person singular or formal 2nd person singular	-ja	-i
mi	1st person plural	-juk	-jük
ti	2nd person plural	-játok	-itek
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural or formal 2nd person plural	-ják	-ik
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

    Present tense definite – personal endings

Etymology 2

From -j (subjunctive suffix) +‎ -ák (personal suffix).

Suffix

-ják

2. (personal suffix) Forms the third-person plural (and formal second-person plural) subjunctive of verbs (definite conjugation).

   ír (“to write”) → Hova írják a nevüket a gyerekek? ― Where should the children write their names?

   Írják le a nevüket! (addressing multiple persons, i.e., formal, plural “you”) ― Write down your names!

Usage notes

• See harmonic variants in the table below.

Person		Back    vowel	Front    vowel
én	1st person singular	-jam	-jem
te	2nd person singular	-d
	long form	-jad	-jed
ő maga / ön	3rd person singular	-ja	-je
mi	1st person plural	-juk	-jük
ti	2nd person plural	-játok	-jétek
ők maguk / önök	3rd person plural	-ják	-jék
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.
Verb ending	Assimilation rules of -j
s sz z dz	The -j assimilates to the verb ending:   keres →‎ keress   metsz →‎ metssz   hoz →‎ hozz   edz →‎ eddz (No change in the short -d form of 2nd-person singular definite: keresd, metszd, hozd, edzd.)
st szt	The -t is removed, the -j assimilates to the -s, -sz:   fest →‎ fess   fáraszt →‎ fárassz Short -d forms: fesd, fáraszd.
long vowel + t or consonant + t	The -j becomes -s:   segít →‎ segíts   bont →‎ bonts Exceptions: bocsát → bocsáss, lát → láss Short -d forms: segítsd, bontsd; lásd, bocsásd.
short vowel + t	Both the stem-final -t and the -j become -s:   mutat → mutass, szeret → szeress Short -d forms: mutasd, szeresd.

    Subjunctive/imperative definite – personal endings

See also

• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes