蜥蜴

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (蜥蜴)		蜥	蜴
alternative forms		蜥易

Wikipedia has an article on:

• 蜥蜴

Etymology

Dimunitive reduplication (Sun, 1999).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	蜥	蜴
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	先擊切	羊益切
Baxter	sek	yek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sek̚/	/jiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sek̚/	/jiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛk̚/	/iæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛjk̚/	/jiajk̚/
Li Rong	/sek̚/	/iɛk̚/
Wang Li	/siek̚/	/jĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/siek̚/	/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xi	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sik1	jik6

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蜴
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ yek ›
Old Chinese	/*lek/
English	lizard
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蜥	蜴
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13318	15036
Phonetic component	析	易
Rime group	錫	錫
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	錫	繹
Old Chinese	/*seːɡ/	/*leɡ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xīyì

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ ㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sik¹ jik⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sit-thit
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sek-e̍k

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xīyì
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siyì
    • Wade–Giles: hsi¹-i⁴
    • Yale: syī-yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiyih
    • Palladius: сии (sii)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ i⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sik¹ jik⁶
    • Yale: sīk yihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sik⁷ jik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xig¹ yig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪk̚⁵ jɪk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit-thit
    • Hakka Romanization System: xid^ˋ tid^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵ tid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /sit̚² tʰit̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-e̍k
    • Tâi-lô: sik-i̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sek'ek
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ iɪk̚⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: sek yek

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*seːɡ  leɡ/

Noun

蜥蜴

1. lizard (Classifier: 條／条 m c; 隻／只 m c)

Synonyms

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蜥蜴
Taxonomic name		蜥蜴
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	蜥蜴
	Taiwan	蜥蜴
	Singapore	蜥蜴
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	馬蛇子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	馬蛇子
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	蛇立子
Lanyin Mandarin	Lanzhou	大頭蠍虎子, 蠍虎子
	Ürümqi	麻蛇子, 蜥蜴, 四腳蛇
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	四腳蛇
	Guiyang	四腳蛇
	Liuzhou	草龍, 四腳蛇
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	四腳蛇
Cantonese	Guangzhou	四腳蛇
	Hong Kong	蜥蜴
	Dongguan	四腳蛇
Gan	Nanchang	四腳蛇
	Lichuan	旋官
	Pingxiang	狗貓蛇, 狗尾巴蛇
Hakka	Meixian	四腳蛇, 狗嫲蛇
	Xingning	狗嫲蛇
	Huidong (Daling)	簷蛇
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	狗嫲蛇
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	狗嫲蛇
	Changting	狗嫲蛇
	Wuping	狗嫲蛇
	Wuping (Pingyu)	狗嫲蛇
	Liancheng	伯公蛇
	Ninghua	田坎蛇
	Yudu	狗婆蛇
	Ruijin	狗婆蛇子
	Shicheng	田坎蛇, 狗尾蛇
	Shangyou (Shexi)	狗婆蛇
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	狗嫲蛇, 山狗太
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	狗嫲蛇, 山狗太, 大頭確
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	狗嫲蛇
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	狗嫲蛇
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	狗嫲蛇
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	狗嫲蛇, 山狗太
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	狗嫲蛇, 山狗太
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	狗嫲蛇, 山狗太
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	赤龍公, 死頭確
Huizhou	Jixi	纏龍
Jin	Pingyao	蛇次兒
	Xinzhou	蛇獅哥, 蛇獅子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	四跤蛇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	杜墊
Southern Min	Xiamen	四跤杜定, 杜定, 四跤蛇
	Quanzhou	土地公蛇, 四跤媽
	Jinjiang	四跤蛇
	Yongchun	土地公蛇
	Zhangzhou	四跤杜定, 杜定, 四跤蛇, 四跤杜豬, 杜豬
	Zhao'an	杜仲
	Taipei	四跤仔杜定
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	杜定
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	四跤杜定, 四跤蛇仔
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	四跤蛇, 蟮蟲仔蛇
	Kaohsiung	杜定, 四跤仔蛇, 咕咕公
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	杜定
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	杜定, 狗母仔蛇
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	四跤蛇
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	戶橂蛇仔, 五國公仔
	Yilan	四跤蛇仔, 杜定
	Yilan (Toucheng)	杜定
	Changhua (Lukang)	竹虎, 杜定
	Taichung	杜定
	Tainan	四跤蛇, 杜定
	Tainan (Anping)	杜定
	Hsinchu	杜定, 狗母蛇
	Kinmen	杜定
	Penghu (Magong)	杜定
	Penghu (Xiyu)	杜定
	Haikou	四跤蛇
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	四跤蛇
Wu	Shanghai	四腳蛇
	Shanghai (Chongming)	四腳蛇
	Danyang	四腳蛇
	Hangzhou	四腳蛇
	Ningbo	四腳蛇
	Jinhua	蛇鰍
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	山鰍
Xiang	Changsha	四腳蛇
	Loudi	四腳蛇, 雞婆蛇

Dialectal synonyms of 蜥蜴 (“lizard”) [map]

Derived terms

• 變色蜥蜴／变色蜥蜴 (biànsè xīyì)

 

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

トカゲ

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Skink

Wikipedia

Kanji in this term
蜥	蜴
とかげ
Hyōgai	Hyōgai
jukujikun

Alternative spellings
石竜子 蝘蜓 蜥蝪 戸陰

Etymology

Likely a compound of 戸 (to, “door”) + 陰 (kage, “shadow”), possibly from the notion that the lizards live in the shade of doors, or that they live in shadow, especially when indoors,^[1] or are thought to be crawling on doors and their dark coloring can be mistaken for their shadow. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Alternatively, perhaps from 疾隠 (toku kakure “quickly hiding”) or 敏駆 (tokake “nimble runner”).^[1]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蜥蜴 (xīyì).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) とかげ [tòkágé] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [to̞ka̠ɡe̞]

Noun

蜥蜴(とかげ) or 蜥蜴(トカゲ) • (tokage) 

1. a skink (lizard of family Scincidae)

   Synonym: スキンク (sukinku)

2. (by extension) any lizard

   Synonym: リザード (rizādo)

   • 1999 July 22, “鎧蜥蜴(アーマー・リザード) [Armor Lizard]”, in Vol.4, Konami:

     かたい体(からだ)のトカゲ。大(おお)きな口(くち)で噛(か)みつかれたら、ひとたまりもないぞ。

     Katai karada no tokage. Ōkina kuchi de kamitsukaretara, hitotamari mo nai zo.

     A lizard with a hard body. He bites off things easily with his huge mouth.

   • 1999 July 22, “古(こ)代(だい)のトカゲ戦(せん)士(し) [Ancient Lizard Warrior]”, in Vol.4, Konami:

     太(たい)古(こ)の、昔(むかし)の姿(すがた)そのままのトカゲの戦(せん)士(し)。意(い)外(がい)に強(つよ)いぞ。

     Taiko no, mukashi no sugata sono mama no tokage no senshi. Igai ni tsuyoi zo.

     This lizard warrior looks as ancient as he ever has since time immemorial. He is also surprisingly strong.

   • 2000 April 1, “ワイバーンの戦(せん)士(し) [Wyvern Warrior]”, in LIMITED EDITION 2, Konami:

     剣(けん)技(ぎ)にすぐれたトカゲ人(にん)間(げん)。音(おと)の速(はや)さで剣(けん)をふるう。

     Kengi ni sugureta tokage ningen. Oto no hayasa de ken o furuu.

     A lizard man who excels at swordsmanship. He swings his sword at sound speed.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 蜥蜴(とかげ)色(いろ) (tokage-iro)
• とかげ座(ざ), 蜥蜴(とかげ)座(ざ) (Tokage-za, “Lacerta”)
• 青(アオ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (ao tokage)
• 足無(アシナシ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (ashinashi tokage)
• 海(ウミ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (umi tokage)
• 襟巻(エリマキ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (erimaki tokage, “frilled lizard”)
• 大(オオ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (ōtokage, “monitor lizard”)
• 木(キ)登(ノボリ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (kinobori tokage, “Japalura polygonata”)
• 角(ツノ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (tsuno tokage, “horned lizard”)
• 毒(ドク)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (doku tokage, “lizard of genus Heloderma”)
• 飛(トビ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (tobi tokage, “flying dragon”)
• 蚯蚓(ミミズ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (mimizu tokage, “worm lizard”)
• 昔(ムカシ)蜥蜴(トカゲ) (mukashi tokage, “tuatara”)
• ヒトカゲ (Hitokage, “Charmander”)

Idioms

• 蜥蜴(とかげ)の尻(しっ)尾(ぽ)切(き)り (tokage no shippokiri, “passing the buck to a subordinate”)

See also

• 金蛇(カナヘビ), 蛇舅母(カナヘビ) (kanahebi, “lacertid”)
• サラマンダー (saramandā, “salamander”)
• 守宮(ヤモリ) (yamori, “gecko”)

References

1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN