舂

See also: 㫪 and 春

舂 U+8202, 舂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8202 ← 舁 [U+8201] CJK Unified Ideographs 舃 → [U+8203]

Translingual

Han character

舂 (Kangxi radical 134, 臼+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手大竹難 (QKHX), four-corner 5077₇, composition ⿱𡗗臼)

Usage notes

• This character is not to be confused with 春 (U+6625) which is visually similar but unrelated.

Derived characters

• 𠌴, 𠽅, 𢠅, 摏, 𣻛, 樁, 𥊎, 䄝, 𥡟, 𧐍, 𧜧, 蹖, 𩥫, 𪄻, 㦼, 䚎, 𪅖, 𬸥, 𩮱, 憃, 𦦜, 𧢆, 𦦱, 𪆊, 𦦺, 𦦾, 𫴛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1003, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30195
• Dae Jaweon: page 1460, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3039, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8202

Chinese

simp. and trad.		舂
alternative forms		㫪 nonclassical

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 舂
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
樁	*ʔr'oːŋ
憃	*hr'oːŋ, *l̥ʰoŋs, *hljoŋ
舂	*hljoŋ
摏	*hljoŋ
蹖	*hljoŋ

Characters in the same phonetic series (舂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 廾 (“both hands”) + 午 (“pestle”) + 臼 (“mortar”) – using both hands to pound with a mortar and pestle. See also the top component of 秦.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	舂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	書容切
Baxter	syowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕuawŋ/
Li Rong	/ɕioŋ/
Wang Li	/ɕĭwoŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sung1

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	舂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chōng
Middle Chinese	‹ syowng ›
Old Chinese	/*s-toŋ/
English	hull grain, beat (v.) stick for beating (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	舂
Reading #	1/1
No.	1498
Phonetic component	舂
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	舂
Old Chinese	/*hljoŋ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chōng (chong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chûng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zung¹

• Northern Min (KCR): ché̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): cṳ̆ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): cheng / chiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chong
    • Wade–Giles: chʻung¹
    • Yale: chūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chong
    • Palladius: чун (čun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ché̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng / chiong
    • Tâi-lô: tsing / tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefng, ciofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/, /t͡siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• cheng - vernacular;
• chiong - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zêng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: syowng

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-toŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljoŋ/

Definitions

舂

1. to pound on grains in a mortar in order to husk them
2. (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Shanghainese) to hit with a fist; to punch
3. (Cantonese) to fall (especially head down)

Compounds

• 痟狗舂墓壙 / 痟狗舂墓圹 (siáu káu cheng bōng-khòng) (Min Nan)
• 盲舂舂 (maang⁴ zung¹ zung¹) (Cantonese)
• 舂容
• 舂眼瞓 / 舂眼𰥛 (zung¹ ngaan⁵ fan³) (Cantonese)
• 舂碓
• 舂米 (chōngmǐ)
• 舂鉏 / 舂锄
• 舂陵
• 霜舂雨薪

References

• “舂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

舂

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to grind in a mortar

Readings

• Go-on: しゅ (shu)
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)
• Kun: うすずく (usuzuku, 舂く)^{←うすづく (usuduku, 舂く, historical)}、うすつく (usutsuku, 舂く)

Korean

Hanja

舂 • (yong, song, chang) (hangeul 용, 송, 창, revised yong, song, chang, McCune–Reischauer yong, song, ch'ang, Yale yong, song, chang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

舂: Hán Nôm readings: thung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation