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Chinese

		language; culture; writing language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle	documents
trad. (文牘)		文	牘
simp. (文牍)		文	牍

Pronunciation

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• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wéndú

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄣˊ ㄉㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁴ duk⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bûn-to̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wéndú
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ ㄉㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wúndú
    • Wade–Giles: wên²-tu²
    • Yale: wén-dú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wendwu
    • Palladius: вэньду (vɛnʹdu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wən³⁵ tu³⁵/
    • Homophones:
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: man⁴ duk⁶
    • Yale: màhn duhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: man⁴ duk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: men⁴ dug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn²¹ tʊk̚²/
    • Homophones:

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bûn-to̍k
    • Tâi-lô: bûn-to̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bundok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bun²⁴⁻²² tɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bun²⁴⁻²² tɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bun¹³⁻²² tɔk̚¹²¹/

Noun

文牘

1. official documents and correspondence
2. (obsolete) secretary; clerk