恅

恅 U+6045, 恅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6045 ← 恄 [U+6044] CJK Unified Ideographs 恆 → [U+6046]

Translingual

Han character

恅 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心十大心 (PJKP), four-corner 9401₁, composition ⿰忄老)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 383, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10526
• Dae Jaweon: page 714, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2294, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6045

Chinese

trad.		恅
simp. #		恅

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
老	*ruːʔ
姥	*ruːʔ, *maːʔ
栳	*ruːʔ
恅	*ruːʔ

Characters in the same phonetic series (老) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	恅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧晧切
Baxter	lawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lawX/
Li Rong	/lɑuX/
Wang Li	/lɑuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lou5

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lǎo (lao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): láu
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶lau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lǎo
    • Wade–Giles: lao³
    • Yale: lǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lao
    • Palladius: лао (lao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lou⁵
    • Yale: lóuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: lou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lou̯¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: láu
    • Hakka Romanization System: lau^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lau³
    • Sinological IPA: /lau̯³¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶lau
    • MiniDict: lau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lɔ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: lawX

Definitions

恅

1. Only used in 愺恅 (cǎolǎo).

Vietnamese

Han character

恅: Hán Việt readings: lão^[1]
恅: Nôm readings: làu^[2]

1. chữ Hán form of lão (“part of "thảo lão" (愺恅)”).
2. chữ Nôm form of làu (“grumble”).

References

1. Trần (1999).
2. Trần (2004).