ὄπιον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

ὀπός (opós, “juice”) +‎ -ῐον (-ion)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ó.pi.on/ → /ˈo.pi.on/ → /ˈo.pi.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.pi.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/

Noun

ὄπῐον • (ópion) n (genitive ὀπῐ́ου); second declension

1. poppy juice, opium

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὄπῐον tò ópion	τὼ ὀπῐ́ω tṑ opíō	τᾰ̀ ὄπῐᾰ tà ópia
Genitive	τοῦ ὀπῐ́ου toû opíou	τοῖν ὀπῐ́οιν toîn opíoin	τῶν ὀπῐ́ων tôn opíōn
Dative	τῷ ὀπῐ́ῳ tôi opíōi	τοῖν ὀπῐ́οιν toîn opíoin	τοῖς ὀπῐ́οις toîs opíois
Accusative	τὸ ὄπῐον tò ópion	τὼ ὀπῐ́ω tṑ opíō	τᾰ̀ ὄπῐᾰ tà ópia
Vocative	ὄπῐον ópion	ὀπῐ́ω opíō	ὄπῐᾰ ópia
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of τὸ ὄπῐον; τοῦ ὀπῐ́ου (Attic)

Descendants

• → Latin: opium, opion
  • → Asturian: opiu
  • → Catalan: opi
  • → Czech: opium
  • → English: opium
  • → French: opium
  • → German: Opium
  • → Italian: oppio
  • → Middle Dutch: opium
    • Dutch: opium
      • Afrikaans: opium
      • → Indonesian: opium
      • → West Frisian: opium
  • → Portuguese: ópio
  • → Romanian: opiu
  • → Russian: о́пиум (ópium)
  • → Spanish: opio
• → Middle Persian: [script needed] (apiyōn)
  • Persian: اپیون (apiyôn), هپیون (hapiyōn)
  • → Arabic: أَفْيُون (ʔafyūn), أَبْيُون (ʔabyūn) — obsolete
    • → Chinese: 阿芙蓉 (āfúróng)
    • → Kurdish

      Northern Kurdish: afyon, efyon

    • → Middle Armenian: աֆիօն (afiōn), աֆիոն (afion)
    • → Indonesian: apiun
    • → Madurese: ꦲꦕ꧀ꦕꦺꦴꦤ꧀
    • → Old French: affion
    • → Ottoman Turkish: آفیون (afyon), աֆիյօն (afiyon) — Armeno-Turkish
      • Turkish: afyon
        • → Hungarian: áfium
        • → Macedonian: афион (afion)
        • → Romanian: afion
        • → Serbo-Croatian:

          Cyrillic script: афѝо̄н

          Latin script: afìōn

    • → Persian: افیون (afyun), اپیون (apyun), ابیون (abyun), هپیون (hapyun), هبیون (habyun), آپیون (âpyun), پیون (piyun)
      • → Assamese: আফিং (aphiṅ)
      • → Bengali: আফিম (aphim)
      • → Gujarati: અફીણ (aphīṇ)
      • → Hindustani:

        → Hindi: अफ़ीम (afīm), अफीम (aphīm) (nuqtaless), अफ़यून (afyūn)

        • → Odia: ଅଫିମ (aphima)

        • → Pashto: اپيم (apim), اپين (apin)

        → Urdu: اَفِیم (afīm), اَفْیُونْ (afyūn)

      • → Kannada: ಅಫೀಮು (aphīmu)
      • → Marathi: अफू (aphū)
      • → Tamil: அபினி (apiṉi), அபின் (apiṉ)
      • → Thai: ฝิ่น (fìn)
      • → Uyghur: ئەپيۈن (epyün)
      • → Uzbek: afyun
    • → Spanish: anfión
    • → Sundanese: apiun
    • → Swahili: afyuni
    • → Uzbek: afyun
  • → Georgian: აფიონი (apioni), აფთიონი (aptioni)
  • → Old Armenian: ափիոն (apʻion)
    • Middle Armenian: ափիոն (apʻion), աբիոն (abion)
      • Armenian: ափիոն (apʻion)
• → Sanskrit: अफेन (aphena)

References

• “ὄπιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ὄπιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “ափիոն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 365a
• Ḥasandūst, Moḥammad (1997 Winter) “دربارهٔ چند لغتِ یونانیِ دخیل در زبان فارسی [On several Greek loanwords in Persian]”, in The Quarterly Journal of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature [Name-ye Farhangestan]‎, volume 8, archived from the original on 19 October 2013, page 92