ἥσυχος

See also: ήσυχος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. Osthoff and Brugman connected this word to Latin sinō (“to permit, allow”) (assuming cognacy with Latin sēmen (“seed”)), but this is now viewed as impossible.^[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hɛ̌ː.sy.kʰos/ → /ˈi.sy.xos/ → /ˈi.si.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hɛ̌ː.sy.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)e̝.sy.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.sy.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.sy.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.si.xos/

Adjective

ἥσῠχος • (hḗsukhos) m or f (neuter ἥσῠχον); second declension

1. quiet, still, calm
2. quiet, gentle, moderate
3. (of persons) cautious
4. (of the voice) gentle

Declension

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἥσῠχος hḗsukhos	ἥσῠχον hḗsukhon		ἡσῠ́χω hēsúkhō	ἡσῠ́χω hēsúkhō		ἥσῠχοι hḗsukhoi	ἥσῠχᾰ hḗsukha
Genitive		ἡσῠ́χου hēsúkhou	ἡσῠ́χου hēsúkhou		ἡσῠ́χοιν hēsúkhoin	ἡσῠ́χοιν hēsúkhoin		ἡσῠ́χων hēsúkhōn	ἡσῠ́χων hēsúkhōn
Dative		ἡσῠ́χῳ hēsúkhōi	ἡσῠ́χῳ hēsúkhōi		ἡσῠ́χοιν hēsúkhoin	ἡσῠ́χοιν hēsúkhoin		ἡσῠ́χοις hēsúkhois	ἡσῠ́χοις hēsúkhois
Accusative		ἥσῠχον hḗsukhon	ἥσῠχον hḗsukhon		ἡσῠ́χω hēsúkhō	ἡσῠ́χω hēsúkhō		ἡσῠ́χους hēsúkhous	ἥσῠχᾰ hḗsukha
Vocative		ἥσῠχε hḗsukhe	ἥσῠχον hḗsukhon		ἡσῠ́χω hēsúkhō	ἡσῠ́χω hēsúkhō		ἥσῠχοι hḗsukhoi	ἥσῠχᾰ hḗsukha
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ἡσῠ́χως hēsúkhōs			ἡσῠχώτερος hēsukhṓteros			ἡσῠχώτᾰτος hēsukhṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ἥσῠχος; ἥσῠχον (Attic)

Derived terms

• ἡσυχάζω (hēsukházō)
• ἡσυχαῖος (hēsukhaîos)
• ἡσυχαστέος (hēsukhastéos)
• ἡσυχαστής (hēsukhastḗs)
• ἡσυχαστικός (hēsukhastikós)
• ἡσυχάστρια (hēsukhástria)
• ἡσυχάω (hēsukháō)
• ἡσυχῇ (hēsukhêi)
• ἡσυχία (hēsukhía)
• ἡσυχικός (hēsukhikós)
• ἡσύχιμος (hēsúkhimos)
• ἡσύχιος (hēsúkhios)
• ἡσυχιότης (hēsukhiótēs)
• ἡσυχόομαι (hēsukhóomai)
• ἡσυχοποιός (hēsukhopoiós)
• ἥσυχως (hḗsukhōs)

 

Descendants

• Greek: ήσυχος (ísychos)

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἥσυχος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 526-7

Further reading

• “ἥσυχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἥσυχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἥσυχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette