रोग

See also: रग, रेग, रंग, राग, रोगी, and रोगो

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रोग (roga).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾoːɡ/
• Rhymes: -oːɡ

Noun

रोग • (rog) m (Urdu spelling روگ)

1. sickness, disease, malady

   उसे संक्रामक रोग लग गया है।

   use saṅkrāmak rog lag gayā hai.

   He has caught a contagious disease.

Declension

	singular	plural
direct	रोग rog	रोग rog
oblique	रोग rog	रोगों rogõ
vocative	रोग rog	रोगो rogo

Declension of रोग (masc cons-stem)

Synonyms

• बीमारी (bīmārī)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “रोग”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “रोग”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Konkani

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit रोग (roga).

Noun

रोग • (rōg) (Latin script rog, Kannada script ರೋಗ)

1. disease

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit रोग (roga).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾoɡ/

Noun

रोग • (rog) m

1. disease, sickness, malady

   Synonym: आजार (ājār)

   इबोला हा संसर्गजन्य रोग आहे.

   ibolā hā sausargajanya rog āhe.

   Ebola is an infectious disease.

Declension

Declension of रोग (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	रोग rog
direct plural	रोग rog
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	रोग rog		रोग rog
oblique सामान्यरूप	रोगा rogā		रोगां- rogān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	रोगाला rogālā		रोगांना rogānnā
ergative	रोगाने, रोगानं rogāne, rogāna		रोगांनी rogānnī
instrumental	रोगाशी rogāśī		रोगांशी rogānśī
locative सप्तमी	रोगात rogāt		रोगांत rogāt
vocative संबोधन	रोगा rogā		रोगांनो rogānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of रोग (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	रोगाचा rogāċā	रोगाचे rogāċe	रोगाची rogācī	रोगाच्या rogācā	रोगाचे, रोगाचं rogāċe, rogāċa	रोगाची rogācī	रोगाच्या rogācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	रोगांचा rogānċā	रोगांचे rogānċe	रोगांची rogāñcī	रोगांच्या rogāncā	रोगांचे, रोगांचं rogānċe, rogānċa	रोगांची rogāñcī	रोगांच्या rogāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• रोगी (rogī, “patient”)
• रोगट (rogaṭ, “sickly”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “रोग”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “रोग”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [roɡ̞]
• Phonetic Devanagari: रोग्

Noun

रोग • (rog)

1. disease, sickness, illness

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• roga (Latin script)
• 𑀭𑁄𑀕 (Brahmi script)
• রোগ (Bengali script)
• රොග (Sinhalese script)
• ရောဂ or ရေႃၷ (Burmese script)
• โรค or โรคะ (Thai script)
• ᩁᩮᩣᨣ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂຣຄ or ໂຣຄະ (Lao script)
• រោគ (Khmer script)
• 𑄢𑄮𑄉 (Chakma script)

Noun

रोग m

1. Devanagari script form of roga

Declension

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	रोगो (rogo)	रोगा (rogā)
Accusative (second)	रोगं (rogaṃ)	रोगे (roge)
Instrumental (third)	रोगेन (rogena)	रोगेहि (rogehi) or रोगेभि (rogebhi)
Dative (fourth)	रोगस्स (rogassa) or रोगाय (rogāya) or रोगत्थं (rogatthaṃ)	रोगानं (rogānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	रोगस्मा (rogasmā) or रोगम्हा (rogamhā) or रोगा (rogā)	रोगेहि (rogehi) or रोगेभि (rogebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	रोगस्स (rogassa)	रोगानं (rogānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	रोगस्मिं (rogasmiṃ) or रोगम्हि (rogamhi) or रोगे (roge)	रोगेसु (rogesu)
Vocative (calling)	रोग (roga)	रोगा (rogā)

Declension table of "रोग" (masculine)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৰোগ (Assamese script)
• ᬭᭀᬕ (Balinese script)
• রোগ (Bengali script)
• 𑰨𑰺𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀭𑁄𑀕 (Brahmi script)
• ရောဂ (Burmese script)
• રોગ (Gujarati script)
• ਰੋਗ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌰𑍋𑌗 (Grantha script)
• ꦫꦺꦴꦒ (Javanese script)
• 𑂩𑂷𑂏 (Kaithi script)
• ರೋಗ (Kannada script)
• រោគ (Khmer script)
• ໂຣຄ (Lao script)
• രോഗ (Malayalam script)
• ᡵᠣᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘨𑘻𑘐 (Modi script)
• ᠷᠣᠸᠠᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧈𑧜𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐬𑑀𑐐 (Newa script)
• ରୋଗ (Odia script)
• ꢬꣂꢔ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆫𑆾𑆓 (Sharada script)
• 𑖨𑖺𑖐 (Siddham script)
• රොග (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩼𑩕𑩞 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚤𑚴𑚌 (Takri script)
• ரோக³ (Tamil script)
• రోగ (Telugu script)
• โรค (Thai script)
• རོ་ག (Tibetan script)
• 𑒩𑒼𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨫𑨆𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *lewg-

Sanskrit रोग (roga)

From Proto-Indo-European *lewg-. Compare रुजति (rujati), from the same root.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɐ́w.ɡɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɾoː.ɡɐ/

Noun

रोग • (róga) stem, m

1. ‘breaking up of strength’; disease, infirmity, sickness, ache
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.50.11:

     हृद्-रोगं मम सूर्य हरिमाणं च नाशय ॥

     hṛd-rogaṃ mama sūrya harimāṇaṃ ca nāśaya.

     O Sūrya remove my heart's disease, take from me this my yellow hue [jaundice].

   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 2.3.3:

     तदास्रावस्य भेषजं तदु रोगम्अनीनशत्॥

     tadāsrāvasya bheṣajaṃ tadu rogamanīnaśat.

     This is the cure for morbid flow, this driveth the malady away.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of रोग (roga)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	रोगः rogaḥ	रोगौ / रोगा¹ rogau / rogā¹	रोगाः / रोगासः¹ rogāḥ / rogāsaḥ¹
Vocative	रोग roga	रोगौ / रोगा¹ rogau / rogā¹	रोगाः / रोगासः¹ rogāḥ / rogāsaḥ¹
Accusative	रोगम् rogam	रोगौ / रोगा¹ rogau / rogā¹	रोगान् rogān
Instrumental	रोगेण rogeṇa	रोगाभ्याम् rogābhyām	रोगैः / रोगेभिः¹ rogaiḥ / rogebhiḥ¹
Dative	रोगाय rogāya	रोगाभ्याम् rogābhyām	रोगेभ्यः rogebhyaḥ
Ablative	रोगात् rogāt	रोगाभ्याम् rogābhyām	रोगेभ्यः rogebhyaḥ
Genitive	रोगस्य rogasya	रोगयोः rogayoḥ	रोगाणाम् rogāṇām
Locative	रोगे roge	रोगयोः rogayoḥ	रोगेषु rogeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• हृद्रोग (hṛdroga, “heart-ache, heart-disease”)
• रोगिन् (rogin)

Descendants

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑁄𑀅 (roa)
• Pali: roga
• → Bengali: রোগ (rōg)
• → Burmese: ရောဂါ (rau:ga) (or borrowed from Pali)
• → Hindi: रोग (rog)
• → Kannada: ರೋಗ (rōga)
• → Khmer: រោគ (rook)
• → Lao: ໂລກ (lōk)
• → Malayalam: രോഗം (rōgaṁ)
• → Marathi: रोग (rog)
• → Sinhalese: රෝග (rōga)
• → Tamil: ரோகம் (rōkam)
• → Telugu: రోగము (rōgamu)
• → Thai: โรค (rôok)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “रोग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0888/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 465