मद

See also: मृदु, and मृदा

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /məd̪/, [mɐd̪]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic مَدّ (madd).

Noun

मद • (mad) f (Urdu spelling مد)

1. item, entry (e.g. in a bill)
2. madd, maddah

Declension

	singular	plural
direct	मद mad	मदें madẽ
oblique	मद mad	मदों madõ
vocative	मद mad	मदो mado

Declension of मद (fem cons-stem)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit मद (mada).

Noun

मद • (mad) m (Urdu spelling مد)

1. intoxication; passion

   Synonym: नशा (naśā)

Declension

	singular	plural
direct	मद mad	मद mad
oblique	मद mad	मदों madõ
vocative	मद mad	मदो mado

Declension of मद (masc cons-stem)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मद”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “मद”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa, Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मद (mada).

Noun

मद • (mada) m

1. wantonness, rut

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• mada (Latin script)
• 𑀫𑀤 (Brahmi script)
• মদ (Bengali script)
• මද (Sinhalese script)
• မဒ or မၻ (Burmese script)
• มท or มะทะ (Thai script)
• ᨾᨴ (Tai Tham script)
• ມທ or ມະທະ (Lao script)
• មទ (Khmer script)
• 𑄟𑄘 (Chakma script)

Noun

मद m

1. pride
2. intoxication
3. conceit
4. sexual excess

Declension

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मदो (mado)	मदा (madā)
Accusative (second)	मदं (madaṃ)	मदे (made)
Instrumental (third)	मदेन (madena)	मदेहि (madehi) or मदेभि (madebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मदस्स (madassa) or मदाय (madāya) or मदत्थं (madatthaṃ)	मदानं (madānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मदस्मा (madasmā) or मदम्हा (madamhā) or मदा (madā)	मदेहि (madehi) or मदेभि (madebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मदस्स (madassa)	मदानं (madānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मदस्मिं (madasmiṃ) or मदम्हि (madamhi) or मदे (made)	मदेसु (madesu)
Vocative (calling)	मद (mada)	मदा (madā)

Declension table of "मद" (masculine)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মদ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬤ (Balinese script)
• মদ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰟 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀤 (Brahmi script)
• မဒ (Burmese script)
• મદ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਦ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌦 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦢ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂠 (Kaithi script)
• ಮದ (Kannada script)
• មទ (Khmer script)
• ມທ (Lao script)
• മദ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠᡩᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘟 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢑᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑦿 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐡 (Newa script)
• ମଦ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢣ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆢 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖟 (Siddham script)
• මද (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩭 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚛 (Takri script)
• மத³ (Tamil script)
• మద (Telugu script)
• มท (Thai script)
• མ་ད (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒠 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨛 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Related to मदिर (madirá) and मत्त (mattá), all three being ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬜𐬀- (maδa-, “intoxication”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐ.dɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐ.d̪ɐ/

Noun

मद • (máda) stem, m

1. hilarity, rapture, excitement, inspiration, intoxication (RV. etc.)
   • 8th c., Bhavabhuti, Uttararāmacarita (Rama's Last Act), Act I, verse 36

     viniścetuṃ śakyo / na sukham iti vā duḥkham iti vā / pramoho nidrā vā / kim u viṣa|visarpaḥ kim u madaḥ?

     tava sparśe sparśe / mama hi parimūḍh’|êndriya|gaṇo/vikāraś caitanyaṃ / bhramayati ca sammīlayati ca.

     Every single time you touch me / a kind of transformation— / it can’t be described as joy or sorrow, / ecstasy or sleep,

     a state of intoxication / or all-suffusing poison— / confuses my senses and at once / excites and dulls my awareness.

2. (dual with मदस्य (madasya)) name of 2 sāmans (ĀrshBr.)
3. (in compounds) ardent passion for (MBh.)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मद
Nom. sg.	मदः (madaḥ)
Gen. sg.	मदस्य (madasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मदः (madaḥ)	मदौ (madau)	मदाः (madāḥ)
Vocative	मद (mada)	मदौ (madau)	मदाः (madāḥ)
Accusative	मदम् (madam)	मदौ (madau)	मदान् (madān)
Instrumental	मदेन (madena)	मदाभ्याम् (madābhyām)	मदैः (madaiḥ)
Dative	मदाय (madāya)	मदाभ्याम् (madābhyām)	मदेभ्यः (madebhyaḥ)
Ablative	मदात् (madāt)	मदाभ्याम् (madābhyām)	मदेभ्यः (madebhyaḥ)
Genitive	मदस्य (madasya)	मदयोः (madayoḥ)	मदानाम् (madānām)
Locative	मदे (made)	मदयोः (madayoḥ)	मदेषु (madeṣu)

Descendants

• Hindi: मद (mad)
• Old Javanese: mada
• Pali: mada
• Tamil: மதம் (matam)
• Malayalam: മദം (madaṁ)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मद”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0777/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 299-300