پر

See also: پز, بز, تز, ثر, بر, بژ, and تر

Khalaj

Noun

پَر (pər) (definite accusative پَری, plural پَرلَر)

1. Arabic spelling of pər (“feather”)

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	پر	پرلَر
genitive	پرۆݧ	پرلَریݧ
dative	پرکه	پرلَرکه
definite accusative	پرۆ	پرلَری
locative	پرچه	پرلَرچه
ablative	پرده	پرلَرده
instrumental	پرله	پرلَرله
equative	پروارا	پرلَروارا

Declension of پر

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• پیر (pır)

Etymology

Onomatopoeic

Noun

پر • (pır)

1. an unidentified noise, a whirr

Further reading

• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “pır”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 317a

Pahari-Potwari

Etymology

From Sanskrit परम् (param).

Conjunction

پر (par)

1. but

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠purr⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *pr̥Hnáh (compare Northern Kurdish pirr (“much, very, many”), Central Kurdish پڕ (pirr, “full”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hnás (compare Old Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (pər^əna), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (compare Russian по́лный (pólnyj), Lithuanian pilnas, Italian pieno, Welsh llawn, English full).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [puɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰʊɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰʊɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰʊɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰuɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰoɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰuɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	pur
Dari reading?	pur
Iranian reading?	por
Tajik reading?	pur

Adjective

Dari	پر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	пур

پر • (por)

1. full
2. loaded, laden
3. fraught, rife
4. ample
5. populous
6. topfull

Derived terms

• پری (pori)
• پر کردن (por kardan)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám, from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm (“feather, wing”), from *perH- (“to fly”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “feather”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “feather”), Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “wing, feather”), Albanian fier (“fern”), English fern.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [paɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰæɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	par
Dari reading?	par
Iranian reading?	par
Tajik reading?	par

Noun

Dari	پر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	пар

پر • (par)

1. feather
2. wing
3. leaf

Derived terms

• پر زدن (par zadan)
• پر کشیدن (par kešidan)
• پره (parre)
• پرپر (par-par)

Descendants

• → Khalaj: pər

Etymology 3

Verb

پر • (par)

1. present stem form of پریدن

Punjabi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pəɾ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian پر (par).

Noun

پر • (par) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਰ)

1. wing

Etymology 2

From Classical Persian پار (pār).

Adjective

پر • (par) (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਰ)

1. last, past
2. next

Derived terms

• پر سال (par-sāl)

Etymology 3

From Sanskrit परम् (param).

Conjunction

پر • (par) (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਰ)

1. but

Synonyms

• (but): لیکن (lekin), مگر (magar)

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian پر (par).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pərʊ]

Noun

پَرُ • (paru) m (Devanagari परु)

1. (anatomy) wing

References

• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “پَرُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “پَرُ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /pəɾ/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀭𑀺 (pari), 𑀉𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀭𑀺 (uppari), from Sanskrit उपरि (upari, “above”).

Postposition

پَر • (par) (Hindi spelling पर)

1. on

   چَھت پَر ― chat par ― on the roof

2. at

   گَھر پَر ― ghar par ― at home

3. Additional meanings as a compound postposition

Synonyms

• پہ (pe)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀭𑀁 (paraṃ), from Sanskrit परम् (param, “after, but”), oblique of पर (para, “distant, further”).

Conjunction

پَر • (par) (Hindi spelling पर)

1. but
2. still
3. yet

Synonyms

• مگر (magar)
• لیکن (lekin)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Classical Persian پر (par).

Noun

پَر • (par) m (Hindi spelling पर)

1. feather
2. wing
3. quill

Synonyms

• پنکھ (paṅkh)

Etymology 4

From Sanskrit पर (para).

Adjective

پَر • (par) (Hindi spelling पर)

1. distant
2. remote
3. longest
4. ancient
5. opposite

References

• “پر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “پر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.