جناح

Arabic

Etymology 1

Uncertain; no Semitic cognates exist which are not suspected to be borrowed from Arabic. Likely related to Egyptian ḏnḥ, either through inheritance or through borrowing; also compare جَنَحَ (janaḥa, “to lean”) (both referring to the concept of side).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒa.naːħ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

جَنَاح • (janāḥ) m (plural أَجْنِحَة (ʔajniḥa) or أَجْنُح (ʔajnuḥ))

1. wing (organ of flight)
2. wing (part of army)
3. wing (part of building)
4. shoulder, arm, hand
5. side, edge
6. fin
7. projecting roof
8. protection, refuge

Declension

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَنَاح janāḥ	الْجَنَاح al-janāḥ	جَنَاح janāḥ
Nominative	جَنَاحٌ janāḥun	الْجَنَاحُ al-janāḥu	جَنَاحُ janāḥu
Accusative	جَنَاحًا janāḥan	الْجَنَاحَ al-janāḥa	جَنَاحَ janāḥa
Genitive	جَنَاحٍ janāḥin	الْجَنَاحِ al-janāḥi	جَنَاحِ janāḥi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَنَاحَيْن janāḥayn	الْجَنَاحَيْن al-janāḥayn	جَنَاحَيْ janāḥay
Nominative	جَنَاحَانِ janāḥāni	الْجَنَاحَانِ al-janāḥāni	جَنَاحَا janāḥā
Accusative	جَنَاحَيْنِ janāḥayni	الْجَنَاحَيْنِ al-janāḥayni	جَنَاحَيْ janāḥay
Genitive	جَنَاحَيْنِ janāḥayni	الْجَنَاحَيْنِ al-janāḥayni	جَنَاحَيْ janāḥay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَجْنِحَة‎; أَجْنُح ʔajniḥa‎; ʔajnuḥ	الْأَجْنِحَة‎; الْأَجْنُح al-ʔajniḥa‎; al-ʔajnuḥ	أَجْنِحَة‎; أَجْنُح ʔajniḥat‎; ʔajnuḥ
Nominative	أَجْنِحَةٌ‎; أَجْنُحٌ ʔajniḥatun‎; ʔajnuḥun	الْأَجْنِحَةُ‎; الْأَجْنُحُ al-ʔajniḥatu‎; al-ʔajnuḥu	أَجْنِحَةُ‎; أَجْنُحُ ʔajniḥatu‎; ʔajnuḥu
Accusative	أَجْنِحَةً‎; أَجْنُحًا ʔajniḥatan‎; ʔajnuḥan	الْأَجْنِحَةَ‎; الْأَجْنُحَ al-ʔajniḥata‎; al-ʔajnuḥa	أَجْنِحَةَ‎; أَجْنُحَ ʔajniḥata‎; ʔajnuḥa
Genitive	أَجْنِحَةٍ‎; أَجْنُحٍ ʔajniḥatin‎; ʔajnuḥin	الْأَجْنِحَةِ‎; الْأَجْنُحِ al-ʔajniḥati‎; al-ʔajnuḥi	أَجْنِحَةِ‎; أَجْنُحِ ʔajniḥati‎; ʔajnuḥi

Declension of noun جَنَاح (janāḥ)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian; compare modern Persian گناه (gonâh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒu.naːħ/

Noun

جُنَاح • (junāḥ) m

1. (singular only) blame, misdemeanor, transgression, wrong

   Synonym: ذَنْب (ḏanb)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:102:

     وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن كَانَ بِكُمْ أَذًى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوْ كُنْتُم مَّرْضَىٰ أَن تَضَعُوا أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ وَخُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ

     walā junāḥa ʕalaykum ʔin kāna bikum ʔaḏan min maṭarin ʔaw kuntum marḍā ʔan taḍaʕū ʔasliḥatakum waḵuḏū ḥiḏrakum

     There is no blame upon you if ye are vexed by rain or ye are sick that ye lay down your arms, but exercise caution.

Declension

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جُنَاح junāḥ	الْجُنَاح al-junāḥ	جُنَاح junāḥ
Nominative	جُنَاحٌ junāḥun	الْجُنَاحُ al-junāḥu	جُنَاحُ junāḥu
Accusative	جُنَاحًا junāḥan	الْجُنَاحَ al-junāḥa	جُنَاحَ junāḥa
Genitive	جُنَاحٍ junāḥin	الْجُنَاحِ al-junāḥi	جُنَاحِ junāḥi

Declension of noun جُنَاح (junāḥ)

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “جناح”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 223
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 102–103
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “جناح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 469
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “جناح”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 247
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “جناح”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 166
• Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2000–2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, pages 80–81

Egyptian Arabic

Noun

جناح • (genāḥ) m

1. wing

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ج ن ح
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic جَنَاح (janāḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒnaːħ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

جناح • (jnāḥ) m (plural جوانح (jwānaḥ) or جناحات (jnāḥāt) or أجنحة (ʔajniḥa))

1. wing

Urdu

Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:

جناح

Wikipedia ^ur

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɪ.nɑːɦ/
• Rhymes: -ɑːɦ
• Hyphenation: جِ‧ناح

Proper noun

جِناح • (jināh) m or f by sense (Hindi spelling जिनाह)

1. Muhammad Ali Jinnah

   Synonym: قائِدِ اَعْظَم (qāid-i a'zam)

2. a surname, Jinnah, originating as a patronymic

Further reading

• “جناح”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “جناح”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.