φρύνη

See also: Φρύνη

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• φροῦνος (phroûnos), φρῦνος (phrûnos)

Etymology

If referring to the color, the word might be identical in origin with Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“grey, brown”). With reduplication, compare Sanskrit बभ्रु (babhru, “mongoose”), Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (baβra, “beaver”), Latin fiber (“beaver”) and Lithuanian bẽbras (“beaver”), all from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus. However, the variation between φρυν- and φρουν- rather points to a Pre-Greek word, according to Beekes.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰry̌ː.nɛː/ → /ˈɸry.ni/ → /ˈfri.ni/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰry̌ː.nɛː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰry.ne̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸry.ni/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfry.ni/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfri.ni/

Noun

φρῡ́νη • (phrū́nē) f (genitive φρῡ́νης); first declension

1. toad

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φρῡ́νη hē phrū́nē	τὼ φρῡ́νᾱ tṑ phrū́nā	αἱ φρῦναι hai phrûnai
Genitive	τῆς φρῡ́νης tês phrū́nēs	τοῖν φρῡ́ναιν toîn phrū́nain	τῶν φρῡνῶν tôn phrūnôn
Dative	τῇ φρῡ́νῃ têi phrū́nēi	τοῖν φρῡ́ναιν toîn phrū́nain	ταῖς φρῡ́ναις taîs phrū́nais
Accusative	τὴν φρῡ́νην tḕn phrū́nēn	τὼ φρῡ́νᾱ tṑ phrū́nā	τᾱ̀ς φρῡ́νᾱς tā̀s phrū́nās
Vocative	φρῡ́νη phrū́nē	φρῡ́νᾱ phrū́nā	φρῦναι phrûnai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ἡ φρῡ́νη; τῆς φρῡ́νης (Attic)

Derived terms

• Φρῡ́νη (Phrū́nē)
• φρῡνῐκός (phrūnikós)
• φρῡ́νῐον (phrū́nion)
• φρῡνῑ́της (phrūnī́tēs)
• φρῡνοειδής (phrūnoeidḗs)
• φρῡνολόγος (phrūnológos)

 

Further reading

• “φρύνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• φρύνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN