φλοιός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Formally, it belongs to φλέω (phléō, “to abound”) together with φλόος (phlóos, “skin, slough”). Semantically, the connection with φλέω (phléō) is clear in ὑπέρφλοιος (hupérphloios, “luxuriant, succulent”). Frisk thinks that the rind may have received its name from its being rich in flesh and juice, as opposed to the wood underneath. However, it could also be from the same Pre-Greek of φλέως (phléōs, “Ravenna grass”), which is suggested for φλέω (phléō) too.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰloi̯.ós/ → /ɸlyˈos/ → /fliˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰloi̯.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰlyˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸlyˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /flyˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /fliˈos/

Noun

φλοιός • (phloiós) m (genitive φλοιοῦ); second declension

1. (botany) bark of trees, especially smooth bark
2. husk or skin of certain fruits
3. membrane enclosing the eggs of certain animals
4. tissue from which spiders spin their webs
5. (figuratively) of superficial or useless coverings, redundancy

Declension

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φλοιός ho phloiós	τὼ φλοιώ tṑ phloiṓ	οἱ φλοιοί hoi phloioí
Genitive	τοῦ φλοιοῦ toû phloioû	τοῖν φλοιοῖν toîn phloioîn	τῶν φλοιῶν tôn phloiôn
Dative	τῷ φλοιῷ tôi phloiôi	τοῖν φλοιοῖν toîn phloioîn	τοῖς φλοιοῖς toîs phloioîs
Accusative	τὸν φλοιόν tòn phloión	τὼ φλοιώ tṑ phloiṓ	τοὺς φλοιούς toùs phloioús
Vocative	φλοιέ phloié	φλοιώ phloiṓ	φλοιοί phloioí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁ φλοιός; τοῦ φλοιοῦ (Attic)

Derived terms

• τανύφλοιος (tanúphloios)
• φλοΐζομαι (phloḯzomai)
• φλόϊνος (phlóïnos)
• φλοιοβαρής (phloiobarḗs)
• φλοιορραγής (phloiorrhagḗs)
• φλοιόρριζος (phloiórrhizos)
• φλοιόω (phloióō)
• φλοιώδης (phloiṓdēs)

Further reading

• “φλοιός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φλοιός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• φλοιός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “φλοιός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bark idem, page 63.
  • rind idem, page 716.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek φλοιός (phloiós).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fliˈos/
• Hyphenation: φλοι‧ός

Noun

φλοιός • (floiós) m (plural φλοιοί)

1. bark (of tree)
2. peel (of fruit)
3. husk (of grain)
4. (geography) crust of the Earth
5. (anatomy) cortex

Declension

Declension of φλοιός

	singular	plural
nominative	φλοιός (floiós)	φλοιοί (floioí)
genitive	φλοιού (floioú)	φλοιών (floión)
accusative	φλοιό (floió)	φλοιούς (floioús)
vocative	φλοιέ (floié)	φλοιοί (floioí)

Synonyms

• φλούδα f (floúda, “bark, peel”)
• δεντρόφλουδα f (dentróflouda, “tree bark”)

Derived terms

• φλοιώδης (floiódis, “barky”)
• νεοφλοιός (neofloiós, “neocortex”)

See also

• πίτουρο n (pítouro, “bran”)