μύδρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• σμύδρος (smúdros)

Etymology

If related to μυδάω (mudáō, “to be damp, dripping”), which is formally proximate, this word originally denoted the molten, flowing metal mass as opposed to the hard iron. However, the technical meaning and the variant σμύδρος (smúdros) rather suggest a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /mý.dros/ → /ˈmy.ðros/ → /ˈmi.ðros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mý.dros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmy.dros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmy.ðros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmy.ðros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ðros/

Noun

μῠ́δρος • (múdros) m (genitive μῠ́δρου); second declension

1. metal or iron mass roasted in fire
2. anvil of stone or metal

   Synonym: ἄκμων (ákmōn)

3. red hot iron in the hands, as an ordeal
4. stone thrown out by a volcano, lapillus
5. red hot stone throw in a liquid to vaporize it

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μῠ́δρος ho múdros	τὼ μῠ́δρω tṑ múdrō	οἱ μῠ́δροι hoi múdroi
Genitive	τοῦ μῠ́δρου toû múdrou	τοῖν μῠ́δροιν toîn múdroin	τῶν μῠ́δρων tôn múdrōn
Dative	τῷ μῠ́δρῳ tôi múdrōi	τοῖν μῠ́δροιν toîn múdroin	τοῖς μῠ́δροις toîs múdrois
Accusative	τὸν μῠ́δρον tòn múdron	τὼ μῠ́δρω tṑ múdrō	τοὺς μῠ́δρους toùs múdrous
Vocative	μῠ́δρε múdre	μῠ́δρω múdrō	μῠ́δροι múdroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁ μῠ́δρος; τοῦ μῠ́δρου (Attic)

Derived terms

• μυδρίασις (mudríasis)
• μυδροκτυπέω (mudroktupéō)
• μυδροκτύπος (mudroktúpos)

 

Descendants

• Greek: μύδρος (mýdros)

Further reading

• “μύδρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “μύδρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• μύδρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN