κρίκος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κῐ́ρκος (kírkos) — Epic. Compare Latin circus

Etymology

Traditionally derived from a reduplicated form of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn”).^[1] However, due to the relation with κίρκος (kírkos, “ring”), whose root structure cannot be smoothly reconstructed back to Proto-Indo-European, Beekes is skeptical of current explanations, and refrains from assigning any etymology.^[2]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /krí.kos/ → /ˈkri.kos/ → /ˈkri.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krí.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.kos/

Noun

κρῐ́κος • (kríkos) m (genitive κρῐ́κου); second declension

1. ring

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρῐ́κος ho kríkos	τὼ κρῐ́κω tṑ kríkō	οἱ κρῐ́κοι hoi kríkoi
Genitive	τοῦ κρῐ́κου toû kríkou	τοῖν κρῐ́κοιν toîn kríkoin	τῶν κρῐ́κων tôn kríkōn
Dative	τῷ κρῐ́κῳ tôi kríkōi	τοῖν κρῐ́κοιν toîn kríkoin	τοῖς κρῐ́κοις toîs kríkois
Accusative	τὸν κρῐ́κον tòn kríkon	τὼ κρῐ́κω tṑ kríkō	τοὺς κρῐ́κους toùs kríkous
Vocative	κρῐ́κε kríke	κρῐ́κω kríkō	κρῐ́κοι kríkoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁ κρῐ́κος; τοῦ κρῐ́κου (Attic)

References

1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
2. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κρίκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 779

Further reading

• “κρίκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κρίκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κρίκος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κρίκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κρίκος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κρίκος (kríkos); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“bend, turn”).

Noun

κρίκος • (kríkos) m (plural κρίκοι)

1. link, ring (attached to or part of a chain)
2. earring
3. (figuratively) link (connection between two people, subjects, etc)

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	κρίκος •	κρίκοι •
genitive	κρίκου •	κρίκων •
accusative	κρίκο •	κρίκους •
vocative	κρίκε •	κρίκοι •

Declension of κρίκος