αὖος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂sowsos, from *h₂sews- (“to be dry”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic соухъ (suxŭ, “dry”), English sear (“dry, withered”), Sanskrit शोष (śoṣa, “dryness”).^[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /âu̯.os/ → /ˈa.βos/ → /ˈa.vos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /âu̯.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.wos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.βos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vos/

Adjective

αὖος • (aûos) m (feminine αὔη, neuter αὖον); first/second declension or
αὖος • (aûos) m or f (neuter αὖον); second declension

1. dry (of timber), dried (of fruit), withered (of leaves)
2. dried up, exhausted

Declension

As a three-ending adjective:

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		αὖος aûos	αὔη aúē	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō		αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûa
Genitive		αὔου aúou	αὔης aúēs	αὔου aúou		αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin		αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn
Dative		αὔῳ aúōi	αὔῃ aúēi	αὔῳ aúōi		αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin		αὔοις aúois	αὔαις aúais	αὔοις aúois
Accusative		αὖον aûon	αὔην aúēn	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō		αὔους aúous	αὔᾱς aúās	αὖᾰ aûa
Vocative		αὖε aûe	αὔη aúē	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō		αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		αὔως aúōs				αὐότερος auóteros				αὐότᾰτος auótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of αὖος; αὔη; αὖον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		αὖος aûos	αὔᾱ aúā	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō		αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûa
Genitive		αὔου aúou	αὔᾱς aúās	αὔου aúou		αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin		αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn
Dative		αὔῳ aúōi	αὔᾳ aúāi	αὔῳ aúōi		αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin		αὔοις aúois	αὔαις aúais	αὔοις aúois
Accusative		αὖον aûon	αὔᾱν aúān	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō		αὔους aúous	αὔᾱς aúās	αὖᾰ aûa
Vocative		αὖε aûe	αὔᾱ aúā	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō		αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		αὔως aúōs				αὐότερος auóteros				αὐότᾰτος auótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of αὖος; αὔᾱ; αὖον (Attic)

As a two-ending adjective:

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		αὖος aûos	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔω aúō		αὖοι aûoi	αὖᾰ aûa
Genitive		αὔου aúou	αὔου aúou		αὔοιν aúoin	αὔοιν aúoin		αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn
Dative		αὔῳ aúōi	αὔῳ aúōi		αὔοιν aúoin	αὔοιν aúoin		αὔοις aúois	αὔοις aúois
Accusative		αὖον aûon	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔω aúō		αὔους aúous	αὖᾰ aûa
Vocative		αὖε aûe	αὖον aûon		αὔω aúō	αὔω aúō		αὖοι aûoi	αὖᾰ aûa
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		αὔως aúōs			αὐότερος auóteros			αὐότᾰτος auótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of αὖος; αὖον (Attic)

Related terms

• αὔω (aúō, “light a fire”)
• αὐστηρός (austērós, “bitter, harsh”)
• αὐχμός (aukhmós, “drought”)

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὖος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 171

Further reading

• “αὖος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• αὖος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• αὖος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• αὖος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “αὖος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
• “αὖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • dead idem, page 197.
  • dry idem, page 255.
  • sapless idem, page 734.
  • wasted idem, page 965.
  • withered idem, page 984.