Zakef katan

Zakef Katan (Hebrew: זָקֵף קָטָ֔ן, lit. 'upright small'; various romanizations^[1]), often referred to simply as katan, is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. The note is the anchor and final one of the Katon group, which also can include the Mapach, Pashta, Munach, or Yetiv. It is one of the most common cantillation marks. There is no limit to the number of times the Katan group can appear in a verse, and often, multiple Katan groups appear in succession. The most times in succession the group occurs is four.^[2]

Zakef katan
זָקֵף קָטָ֔ן‎ ֔‎ בַּלֵּיל֔וֹת‎
cantillation
Sof passuk	׃‎		Paseq	׀‎
Etnakhta/atnakh	֑‎		Segol	֒‎
Shalshelet	֓‎		Zakef katan	֔‎
Zakef gadol	֕‎		Tifcha/tarkha	֖‎
Rivia	֗‎		Zarka	֘‎
Pashta	֙‎		Yetiv	֚‎
Tevir	֛‎		Geresh	֜‎
Geresh muqdam [de]	֝‎		Gershayim	֞‎
Karne parah	֟‎		Telisha gedola/talsha	֠‎
Pazer	֡‎		Atnah hafukh [de]	֢‎
Munakh/shofar holekh	֣‎		Mahpach	֤‎
Merkha/ma’arikh	֥‎		Mercha kefula	֦‎
Darga	֧‎		Qadma	֨‎
Telisha qetana/tarsa	֩‎		Yerah ben yomo	֪‎
Ole	֫‎		Illuy	֬‎
Dehi [de]	֭‎		Tsinnorit	֮‎
view talk edit

The symbol for the Zakef katan is a colon (:). It is placed on the syllable of the word that is accented.^[3]

Zakef katan occurs in the Torah 6992 times.^[4]

Zakef katan is one of two versions of the Zakef trope, the other being Zakef gadol.^[5]

The Katan group

In the Katan group, the trope can appear in the following patterns:

• Mapach Pashta Munach Zakef-Katan
• Mapach Pashta Zakef-Katan
• Pashta Munach Zakef-Katan
• Pashta Zakef-Katan
• Munach Zakef-Katan
• Zakef-Katan
• Yetiv Munach Zakef-Katan
• Yetiv Zakef-Katan

Total occurrences

Book	Number of appearances
Torah	6992[4]
Genesis	1879[4]
Exodus	1474[4]
Leviticus	987[4]
Numbers	1359[4]
Deuteronomy	1293[4]
Nevi'im	7203[6]
Ketuvim	4843[6]

Melody

References

1. zaqef; qatan, katon
2. A compendious grammar of the Hebrew language By G. F. R. Weidemann, page 48
3. Chanting the Hebrew Bible By Joshua R. Jacobson, page 51
4. Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 6
5. Chanting the Hebrew Bible By Joshua R. Jacobson, page 117
6. Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 5