Wyndcliffe Court

Wyndcliffe Court
Wyndcliffe Court
	"a good and unaltered Jacobean style house"
Type	House
Location	St. Arvans, Monmouthshire
Coordinates	51.6719°N 2.6984°W
Built	1922
Built for	Charles Leigh Clay
Architect	Eric Francis
Architectural style(s)	Arts and Crafts
Governing body	Privately owned
Listed Building – Grade II*
Official name	Wyndcliffe Court
Designated	29 January 1998
Reference no.	1931
Listed Building – Grade II*
Official name	Garage cottages at Wyndcliffe Court
Designated	14 February 2001
Reference no.	24773 & 24776
Listed Building – Grade II*
Official name	Garden terracing, steps, pool, pergola and summerhouse at Wyndcliffe Court
Designated	14 February 2001
Reference no.	24764
Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales
Official name	Wyndcliffe Court
Designated	1 February 2022
Reference no.	PGW(Gt)4(Mon)
Listing	Grade II
	Location of Wyndcliffe Court in Monmouthshire

Wyndcliffe Court, 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north of the village of St. Arvans, Monmouthshire, Wales, is a Grade II* listed country house and gardens in the Arts and Crafts style, completed in 1922. The client was Charles Leigh Clay and the architect Eric Francis. The gardens were designed by Henry Avray Tipping and are included on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

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Charles Leigh Clay (1866–1950) was the founder of the Claymore shipping company based in Cardiff, and the son of Henry Clay (1825–1921), who owned Piercefield House overlooking the Wye valley. In 1910, Charles Leigh Clay commissioned a house on the high ground to the north of St Arvans village, about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the Wyndcliff landscape feature.^[1] He later became High Sheriff of Monmouthshire in 1926. His son, Henry Anthony Patrick Clay ERD, who continued to live at Wyndcliffe Court until his death in 2006, also became High Sheriff of Monmouthshire in 1965.^[2]

The house was commissioned after the first world war and built in 1922.^[1] The architect was Eric Carwardine Francis, a local architect who had previously worked on the design of Mounton House for its owner Henry Avray Tipping, the Architectural Editor of Country Life magazine.^[3]

In the early 21st century, the court was let, and the gardens were opened to the public on a regular basis during the summer to showcase exhibitions of garden sculpture.^[4] The shows have exhibited the work of many prominent British sculptors.^[5] Regular events were also held throughout the summer, such as Shakespeare performances in the garden. The tenants announced in July 2016 that the gardens would close at the end of that September.^[6] The Clays returned to the house and, in 2018, lost a case at the High Court regarding the re-roofing of the building.^[7]^[8]^[9] In January 2019, Wyndcliffe featured in a BBC Two series, The Victorian House of Arts and Crafts, in which a group of craftspeople collaborate on refurbishing parts of the house.^[10]

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The house is built of local stone in the "Cotswold Tudor" style, with mullion and transom windows. The architectural historian John Newman describes it as "relaxed and sophisticated".^[3] The oak-lined ballroom, called the Oak Room, has Jacobethan-style paneling and one of the most extravagant plasterwork ceilings of its period anywhere in the country, depicting hops and roses, combining the early brewery roots of the Clay family with the Yorkshire rose of Mrs Clay. The plaster work was undertaken by Kebles.^[11] The gardens were designed by Tipping in the Italianate Arts and Crafts Style.^[12] A paved terrace has steps down to a small pool and a summerhouse, linking the different levels on the steeply sloping site. The gardens also feature sculpted topiary, a sunken garden, walled gardens, fountains, an archery lawn and wooded walks, and remain substantially unaltered since Tipping created them.^[13] Tipping was influenced in the design of the garden at Wyndcliffe by the work of his friend Gertrude Jekyll, who was designing gardens of hardy plants contained within sequences of outdoor "rooms". All are planted with flowers in bedding schemes. The yew hedge topiary with the stone walls and terraces give structure to the garden.^[14]

The house was given Grade II* listed building status on 14 February 2001,^[11] its listing describing it as "a good and unaltered Jacobean style house (with) an unaltered contemporary garden".^[11] The two sets of garages, with accompanying cottages,^[15]^[16] and the garden terraces, the steps, the pool, pergola and summerhouse all have their own Grade II* listings.^[17] The gardens themselves are listed at Grade II* on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.^[18]