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The Western Association was the name of five different leagues formed in American minor league baseball during the 19th and 20th centuries.
| Most recent season or competition: 1954 | |
| Sport | Minor league baseball |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1888 |
| First season | 1888 |
| Ceased | 1954 |
| President | Samuel Morton (1888) J.S. McCormick (1889-1890) L.C. Krauthoff (1890, 1893) Robert Scott (1893) Dave Rowe (1894) W.W. Kent (1894-1895) Thomas Hickey (1896-1899) William Myer (1901) |
| No. of teams | 75 |
| Country | United States |
| Continent | North America |
| Most titles | Springfield / Fort Smith (6) |
The oldest league, originally established as the Northwestern League in 1883, was refounded as the Western Association on October 28, 1887.[1] It began operations in the 1888 season and lasted through the 1891 season.[1]
A separate Western Association was formed in January 1894 with clubs in Iowa, Nebraska, Illinois and Missouri – with a team in faraway Denver, Colorado, added in 1895. This league ceased operations in 1898, but was revived again for the following season.[1] It was renamed the Central League in 1900. In 1901, two leagues were called the Western Association. One had eight teams in Ohio, Michigan, Kentucky, West Virginia, and Indiana; it folded after only one year. The other loop, confusingly located in the same geographic area, was the former Interstate League; it reverted to its original identity in 1902.[1]
The most long-lived Western Association played between 1905 and 1954.[1] Originally the Missouri Valley League, it existed for 42 years during that half century, suspending operations during both world wars and for one season (1933) during the Great Depression. It was largely a Class C circuit, meaning it was a lower minor league, above only the Class D level.
- Ardmore, OK: Ardmore Foundlings 1917; Ardmore Snappers 1923; Ardmore Bearcats 1924; Ardmore Boomers 1925-1926
- Bartlesville, OK: Bartlesville Boosters 1909-1910; Bartlesville Bearcats 1924; Bartlesville Boosters 1924; Bartlesville Broncos 1931-1932; Bartlesville Reds 1934-1935; Bartlesville Bucs 1936; Bartlesville Blues 1937; Bartlesville Chiefs 1938
- Blackwell, OK: Blackwell Broncos 1954
- Bloomington, IL: Bloomington Blues 1899
- Burlington, IA: Burlington Spiders 1895; Burlington Hawkeyes 1896, 1898; Burlington Colts 1897
- Carthage, MO: Carthage Browns 1941
- Cedar Rapids, IA: Cedar Rapids Bunnies 1896–1899
- Chicago, IL: Chicago Maroons 1888
- Chickasha, OK: Chickasha Chicks 1920-1921
- Coffeyville, KS: Coffeyville White Sox 1911
- Columbus, OH: Columbus Senators 1901
- Davenport, IA: Davenport Onion Weeders 1888
- Dayton, OH: Dayton Veterans 1901
- Denison, TX: Denison Railroaders 1915-1917
- Denver, CO: Denver Grizzlies 1889–1890; Denver Mountaineers 1891; Denver 1895
- Des Moines, IA: Des Moines Prohibitionists 1888–1890, 1894–1897
- Drumright, OK: Drumright Drummers 1920; Drumright Oilers 1921
- Duluth, MN: Duluth Whalebacks 1891
- Dubuque, IA: Dubuque 1895–1899
- El Reno, OK: El Reno Packers 1909-1910
- Enid, OK: Enid Railroaders 1908-1910; Enid Harvesters 1920-1923; Enid Giants 1950; Enid Buffalos 1951
- Fort Smith, AR: Fort Smith Scouts 1911; Fort Smith Twins 1914-1917, 1920-1932; Fort Smith Giants 1938-1942, 1946-1949; Fort Smith Indians 1951-1952
- Fort Smith, AR & Van Buren, AR: Fort Smith-Van Buren Twins 1953
- Fort Wayne, IN: Fort Wayne Railroaders 1901
- Grand Rapids, MI: Grand Rapids Woodworkers 1901
- Guthrie, OK: Guthrie Senators 1905, 1909-1910, 1914
- Henryetta, OK: Henryetta Boosters 1914; Henryetta Hens 1920-1923
- Hutchinson, KS: Hutchinson Salt Packers 1906-1908; Hutchinson Wheat Shockers 1924, 1932; Hutchinson Larks 1934-1938; Hutchinson Pirates 1939-1942; Hutchinson Cubs 1946-1948; Hutchinson Elks 1949-1954
- Independence, KS: Independence Packers 1911; Independence Producers 1925, 1928-1932
- Indianapolis, IN: Indianapolis Hoosiers 1901
- Iola, KS: Iola Indians 1954
- Jacksonville, IL: Jacksonville Jacks 1894; Jacksonville 1895
- Joplin, MO: Joplin Miners 1905-1911, 1922-1924; Joplin Ozarks 1926; Joplin Miners 1927-1932, 1934-1942, 1946-1953; Joplin Cardinals 1954
- Joplin, MO & Webb City, MO: Joplin-Webb City Miners 1914
- Kansas City, MO: Kansas City Blues 1888; 1890–1891; Kansas City Cowboys 1893
- Lawrence, KS: Lawrence Farmers 1893
- Leavenworth, KS: Leavenworth Orioles 1905; Leavenworth Old Soldiers 1906; Leavenworth Convicts 1907; Leavenworth Braves 1946-1949
- Lincoln, NE: Lincoln 1890; Lincoln Rustlers 1891; Lincoln Treeplanters 1894–1895
- Louisville, KY: Louisville Colonels 1901
- McAlester, OK: McAlester Miners 1914-1917, 1922; McAlester Diggers 1923; McAlester Miners 1926
- Marion, OH: Marion 1901
- Maud, OK: Maud Chiefs 1929
- Milwaukee, WI: Milwaukee Brewers 1888, 1890–1891; Milwaukee Creams 1889
- Minneapolis, MN: Minneapolis Millers 1888–1891
- Muskogee, OK: Muskogee Navigators 1909-1910; Muskogee Redskins 1911; Muskogee Mets 1914-1916; Muskogee Reds 1917; Muskogee Athletics 1924-1926; Muskogee Chiefs 1927-1932; Muskogee Tigers 1934-1936; Muskogee Reds 1937-1942, 1946-1950; Muskogee Giants 1951-1954
- Oklahoma City, OK: Oklahoma City Mets 1905-1908; Oklahoma City Boosters 1914; Oklahoma City Senators 1916; Oklahoma City Boosters 1917
- Okmulgee, OK: Okmulgee Drillers 1920-1927
- Omaha, NE: Omaha Omahogs 1888–1890; Omaha Lambs 1891; Omaha Omahogs 1894–1895
- Ottumwa, IA: Ottumwa Giants 1898–1899
- Paris, TX: Paris Red Snappers 1915; Paris Survivors 1916; Paris Athletics 1917
- Pawhuska, OK: Pawhuska Huskers 1920-1921; Pawhuska Osages 1922
- Peoria, IL: Peoria Distillers 1894–1896; Peoria Blackbirds 1897–1898
- Pittsburg, KS: Pittsburg Pirates 1909
- Ponca City, OK: Ponca City Angels 1934-1938; Ponca City Jets 1954
- Quincy, IL: Quincy Ravens 1894–1895; Quincy Bluebirds 1896; Quincy Little Giants 1897; Quincy 1898–1899
- Rock Island, IL & Moline, IL: Rock Island-Moline Islanders 1894, 1898–1899
- Rockford, IL: Rockford Forest City 1895–1897; Rockford Roughriders 1899
- Springfield, IL: Springfield 1895
- St. Joseph, MO: St. Joseph Clay Eaters 1889; St. Joseph Saints 1893; St. Joseph Saints 1894–1898; St. Joseph Packers 1906; St. Joseph Angels 1939; St. Joseph Saints 1940; St. Joseph Ponies 1941; St. Joseph Cardinals 1946-1951; St. Joseph Cardinals 1953; St. Joseph Saints 1954
- St. Louis, MO: St. Louis Whites 1888
- St. Paul, MN: St. Paul Apostles 1888–1891
- St. Joseph, MO: St. Joseph Saints 1927
- Salina, KS: Salina Millers 1938-1941; Salina Blue Jays 1946-1952
- Sapulpa, OK: Sapulpa Oilers 1909-1911
- Sedalia, MO: Sedalia Gold Bugs 1905
- Shawnee, OK: Shawnee Robins 1929-1930
- Sherman, TX: Sherman Hitters 1915; Sherman Lions 1916; Sherman Browns 1917
- Sioux City, IA: Sioux City Cornhuskers 1888–1891
- Springfield, MO: Springfield Highlanders 1905; Springfield Midgets 1906-1909; Springfield Jobbers 1911; Springfield Merchants 1920 Springfield Midgets 1921-1930; Springfield Cardinals 1931-1932; Springfield Red Wings 1934; Springfield Cardinals 1935-1942, 1948; Springfield Cubs 1950
- Toledo, OH: Toledo Mud Hens 1901
- Topeka, KS: Topeka Populists 1893; Topeka White Sox 1905-1907; Topeka Jayhawkers 1908; Topeka Senators 1924; Topeka Jayhawks 1927-1928; Topeka Jayhawks 1932; Topeka Owls 1939-1942, 1946-1954
- Tulsa, OK: Tulsa Oilers 1910; Tulsa Railroaders 1911; Tulsa Oilers 1914; Tulsa Producers 1915-1917
- Webb City, MO: Webb City Goldbugs 1906-1907; Webb City Webbfeet 1908-1909
- Wheeling, WV: Wheeling Stogies 1901
- Wichita, KS: Wichita Jobbers 1905-1908
1888 Western Association - schedule
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kansas City Blues | 76 | 42 | .644 | - | Jim Manning |
| Des Moines Prohibitionists | 73 | 40 | .646 | 0.5 | Charlie Morton |
| St. Paul Apostles | 61 | 38 | .616 | 5.5 | Andrew Thompson |
| Omaha Omahogs | 55 | 48 | .534 | 13.5 | Frank Selee |
| Milwaukee Brewers | 53 | 54 | .495 | 17.5 | Jim Hart |
| Chicago Maroons | 41 | 71 | .366 | 32.0 | Moxie Hengle |
| St. Louis Whites | 10 | 18 | .357 | NA | Tom Loftus |
| Sioux City Cornhuskers | 21 | 38 | .356 | NA | William Bryan / Jim Powell |
| Minneapolis Millers | 28 | 52 | .350 | NA | Al Gooding / Dave Rowe |
| Davenport Onion Weeders | 4 | 21 | .160 | NA | William Lucas |
St. Louis disbanded June 20; Sioux City began play July 4 and later disbanded; Minneapolis moved to Davenport August 25
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spud Johnson | Kansas City | BA | .342 | Tom Lovett | Omaha | W | 30 | |
| Jim Manning | Kansas City | Runs | 123 | Tom Lovett | Omaha | SO | 273 | |
| Bug Holliday | Des Moines | Hits | 147 | Kid Nichols | Kansas City | ERA | 1.14 | |
| Orator Shaffer | Des Moines | Hits | 147 | Kid Nichols | Kansas City | PCT | .889 16-2 | |
| Scrappy Carroll | St. Paul | HR | 16 | |||||
| Jim Manning | Kansas City | SB | 101 |
1889 Western Association - schedule
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omaha Omahogs | 83 | 38 | .686 | - | Frank Selee |
| St. Paul Apostles | 75 | 46 | .620 | 8.0 | Andrew Thompson / John Barnes |
| Minneapolis Millers | 66 | 55 | .545 | 17.0 | Samuel Morton / Moxie Hengle |
| Sioux City Cornhuskers | 64 | 60 | .516 | 20.5 | Jim Powell |
| Milwaukee Creams | 58 | 63 | .479 | 25/0 | Ezra Sutton |
| Denver Grizzlies | 51 | 70 | .421 | 32.0 | Dave Rowe |
| St. Joseph Clay Eaters | 41 | 70 | .369 | 37.0 | Charles Lord / A.H. Truckenmiller Chippy McGarr |
| Des Moines Prohibitionists | 41 | 77 | .347 | 40.5 | Jimmy Macullar |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monk Cline | Sioux City | BA | .364 | Kid Nichols | Omaha | W | 39 | |
| Monk Cline | Sioux City | Runs | 172 | Kid Nichols | Omaha | SO | 368 | |
| Abner Dalrymple | Denver | Hits | 173 | Martin Duke | Minneapolis | ERA | 1.66 | |
| Charlie Reilly | St. Paul | HR | 27 | Kid Nichols | Omaha | PCT | .830 39-8 |
1890 Western Association - schedule
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kansas City Blues | 78 | 39 | .667 | - | Charles Hackett / Jim Manning |
| Milwaukee Brewers | 76 | 47 | .655 | 0.5 | Charlie Cushman |
| Minneapolis Millers | 80 | 43 | .650 | 1.0 | Samuel Morton / Tim Hurst |
| Denver Grizzlies | 57 | 64 | .471 | 23.0 | Dave Rowe |
| Sioux City Cornhuskers | 55 | 64 | .462 | 24.0 | Jim Powell |
| Omaha Omahogs | 51 | 69 | .425 | 28.5 | Frank Leonard |
| Des Moines / Lincoln | 48 | 73 | .397 | 32 | Jimmy Macullar |
| St. Paul Apostles | 37 | 84 | .306 | 43.0 | Andrew Thompson / Bill Watkins |
Des Moines (31-52) moved to Lincoln August 1.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buster Hoover | Kansas City | BA | .336 | John Thornton | Milwaukee | W | 29 | |
| Elmer Smith | Denver | Runs | 128 | Martin Duke | Minneapolis | SO | 308 | |
| Dan Minnehan | Minneapolis | Hits | 178 | Martin Duke | Minneapolis | ERA | 0.81 | |
| Scrappy Carroll | St. Paul | HR | 21 | Nat Hudson | Minneapolis | PCT | 765 13-4 | |
| Jim Manning | Kansas City | SB | 96 | Willard Mains | St. Paul | HB | 40 |
1893 Western Association
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kansas City Cowboys | 12 | 8 | .600 | - | William Lucas |
| St. Joseph Saints | 11 | 8 | .579 | 0.5 | Harry Gatewood |
| Topeka Populists | 8 | 12 | .400 | 4.0 | Duff Cooley |
| Lawrence Farmers | 7 | 12 | .368 | 4.5 | John Rodemaker / John Hayden |
The League disbanded June 20.
Playoff: Kansas City 4 games, St. Joseph 2.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ducky Holmes | St. Joseph | BA | .481 | Bert Cunningham | Kansas City | W | 7 | |
| Cornelius Holohan | St. Joseph | Runs | 28 | Bert Cunningham | Kansas City | SO | 35 | |
| Harry Howe | St. Joseph | Hits | 37 | Gus Mackey | Lawrence | SO | 35 | |
| Andy Costello | Lawrence | HR | 4 | Harry Howe | St. Joseph | PCT | 1.000 3-0 | |
| Cornelius Holohan | St. Joseph | SB | 18 |
1894 Western Association
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rock Island-Moline Islanders | 72 | 50 | .590 | - | Harry Sage |
| Peoria Distillers | 68 | 55 | .553 | 4.5 | George Brackett |
| Lincoln Treeplanters | 67 | 56 | .545 | 5.5 | Hi Ebright |
| Jacksonville Jacks | 67 | 57 | .540 | 6.0 | Con Strothers |
| Omaha Omahogs | 66 | 59 | .528 | 7.5 | Pa Rourke |
| St. Joseph Saints | 57 | 66 | .463 | 15.5 | Bill Kneisley / Hugh Nicol |
| Des Moines Prohibitionists | 55 | 73 | .430 | 20.0 | Hugh Nicol / Bill Traffley |
| Quincy Ravens | 42 | 78 | .350 | 29.0 | Burt Merrifield |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joe Katz | Rock Island/Moline | BA | .404 |
| George McVey | Omaha | Hits | 215 |
| Emmett Seery | Omaha | Runs | 196 |
| Joe Strauss | Jacksonville | HR | 33 |
| Walt Preston | St. Joseph | SB | 55 |
1895 Western Association - schedule
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lincoln Treeplanters | 80 | 48 | .624 | - | Hi Ebright |
| Peoria Distillers | 74 | 55 | .574 | 6.5 | Dan Dugdale |
| Des Moines Prohibitionists | 71 | 55 | .563 | 8.0 | Bill Traffley |
| Rockford Forest City | 66 | 60 | .524 | 13.0 | Hugh Nicol |
| Quincy Ravens | 63 | 63 | .500 | 16.0 | George Brackett |
| St. Joseph Saints | 45 | 79 | .363 | 33.0 | Harry Gatewood / Gus Alberts |
| Omaha Omahogs / Denver | 52 | 47 | .525 | NA | Dave Rowe / Tom Morrissey |
| Burlington Spiders | 13 | 13 | .500 | NA | Paul Hines |
| Jacksonville Jacks / Springfield | 34 | 59 | .366 | NA | William Punch / Deveney Jacob Aydelotte / Bob Caruthers |
| Dubuque | 3 | 21 | .125 | NA | Tom Morrissey |
Jacksonville moved to Springfield; Omaha moved to Denver July 22; Burlington and Dubuque entered August 30
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bill Krieg | Rockford | BA | .452 | Fred Barnes | Lincoln | W | 34 | |
| George Flynn | Peoria | Runs | 145 | Fred Barnes | Lincoln | PCT | .810 34-8 | |
| Bill Krieg | Rockford | Hits | 237 | |||||
| Sam Mertes | Quincy | HR | 13 |
1896 Western Association - schedule
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Des Moines Prohibitionists | 56 | 22 | .718 | - | Bill Traffley |
| Dubuque | 47 | 34 | .580 | 10.5 | Sam LaRoque |
| Peoria Distillers | 43 | 35 | .551 | 13.0 | Dan Dugdale |
| Rockford Forest City | 44 | 37 | .543 | 13.5 | Hugh Nicol |
| Cedar Rapids Bunnies | 29 | 49 | .372 | 27.0 | Hi Ebright / Belden Hill |
| Burlington Hawkeyes | 28 | 51 | .354 | 28.5 | Paul Hines / Bob Caruthers |
| Quincy Bluebirds | 31 | 37 | .456 | NA | George Brackett / Andy Sommers |
| St. Joseph Saints | 31 | 44 | .413 | NA | Frank Haller / Henry Dye |
Quincy disbanded July 16; St. Joseph disbanded July 18; Dubuque, Peoria and Rockford disbanded July 25.
League disbanded August 1.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bill Krieg | Rockford | BA | .350 | Frank Figgenmeier | Des Moines | W | 17 | |
| Tom Letcher | Des Moines | Runs | 88 | John Dolan | Dubuque | ERA | 1.31 | |
| Bill Krieg | Rockford | Hits | 123 | Frank Figgenmeier | Des Moines | PCT | .850 17-3 | |
| Bill Krieg | Rockford | HR | 15 | |||||
| Bill Baer | Dubuque | SB | 48 |
1897 Western Association - schedule
President: Thomas Hickey
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cedar Rapids Bunnies | 84 | 41 | .672 | - | Belden Hill |
| St. Joseph Saints | 80 | 45 | .640 | 4.0 | Palmer |
| Rockford Forest City | 70 | 55 | .560 | 14.0 | Varney Anderson |
| Des Moines Prohibitionists | 67 | 57 | .540 | 16.5 | Pete Lohman |
| Peoria Blackbirds | 56 | 68 | .452 | 27.5 | Dan Dugdale / Hi Ebright Pat Wright |
| Quincy Little Giants | 56 | 69 | .448 | 28.0 | Bill Traffley / Eugene McGreevy |
| Dubuque | 47 | 79 | .373 | 37.5 | Joe Cantillon / Martin McQuaid |
| Burlington Colts | 39 | 85 | .315 | 44.5 | Dal Williams / Bob Berryhill |
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irv Waldron | St. Joseph | BA | .353 | Lou Mahaffey | Cedar Rapids | W | 30 | |
| Ron Viox | St. Joseph | Runs | 130 | George Carish | St. Joseph | ERA | 1.19 | |
| Billy Klusman | St. Joseph | Hits | 175 | Lou Mahaffey | Cedar Rapids | PCT | .750 30-10 | |
| Jimmy Williams | St. Joseph | HR | 31 | George Cooper | Des Moines | HB | 42 | |
| Louis Lippert | Burlington | SB | 76 |
1898 Western Association
President: Thomas Hickey
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peoria Blackbirds | 28 | 14 | .667 | - | Pat Wright |
| Quincy | 23 | 16 | .590 | 3.5 | Pete Lohman |
| Dubuque | 26 | 22 | .542 | 4.0 | Ted Sullivan / George Brown |
| Rock Island-Moline Islanders | 19 | 23 | .452 | 8.0 | Varney Anderson / Henry Sage |
| Ottumwa Giants | 18 | 25 | .419 | 9.5 | William A. Smith |
| St. Joseph Saints | 12 | 28 | .300 | 14.0 | Hi Ebright |
| Cedar Rapids Bunnies | 21 | 9 | .700 | NA | Belden Hill |
| Burlington Hawkeyes | 7 | 17 | .292 | NA | Bill Krieg |
Burlington disbanded June 5; Cedar Rapids disbanded June 9; Rock Island-Moline disbanded June 26, causing the league to disband.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jay Andrews | Cedar Rapids / Rock Island-Moline /St. Joseph | BA | .345 | Dick Smith | Cedar Rapids / Rock Island-Moline | W | 12 | |
| Bill Connors | Peoria | Runs | 38 | Joe McGinnity | Peoria | SO | 74 | |
| Jack Thornton | Dubuque | Hits | 59 | Dick Smith | Cedar Rapids / Rock Island-Moline | PCT | .857 12-2 | |
| Jay Andrews | Cedar Rapids / Rock Island-Moline /St. Joseph | HR | 3 | |||||
| Louis Lippert | Burlington | SB | 26 |
1899 Western Association - schedule
President: Thomas Hickey
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rock Island-Moline Islanders | 28 | 8 | .778 | - | Harry Sage |
| Rockford Roughriders | 20 | 16 | .556 | 8.0 | Hunkey Hines |
| Cedar Rapids Bunnies | 22 | 14 | .611 | 6.0 | Belden Hill |
| Bloomington Blues | 14 | 23 | .378 | 14.5 | Bill Krieg / Fred Blanford |
| Ottumwa Giants | 13 | 24 | .351 | 15.5 | Pat Flaherty |
| Quincy / Dubuque | 11 | 23 | .324 | 16.0 | Ed Deady |
Quincy (3-10) moved to Dubuque May 19. Dubuque disbanded June 13.
The league disbanded June 16.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charlie Buelow | Rockford | BA | .331 | Elmer Stricklett | Rock Island-Moline | W | 14 | |
| Byron McKibben | Cedar Rapids | Runs | 47 | Elmer Stricklett | Rock Island-Moline | PCT | .933 14-1 | |
| Charlie Buelow | Rockford | Hits | 48 | |||||
| Harry Bay | Rock Island-Moline | Hits | 48 | |||||
| Luke Lutenberg | Rockford | HR | 2 | |||||
| Elmer Stricklett | Rock Island-Moline | HR | 2 | |||||
| Harry Bay | Rock Island-Moline | HR | 2 | |||||
| Franklin Donnelly | Cedar Rapids | SB | 19 | |||||
| Ollie Thiel | Bloomington | SB | 19 |
1901 Western Association - schedule
| Team standings | W | L | PCT | GB | Managers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dayton Veterans | 85 | 55 | .607 | - | Bill Armour |
| Louisville Colonels / Grand Rapids Woodworkers | 83 | 55 | .601 | 1.0 | Walt Wilmot |
| Toledo Mud Hens | 78 | 60 | .565 | 6.0 | Charlie Stroebel |
| Fort Wayne Railroaders | 73 | 67 | .521 | 12.0 | Doggie Miller |
| Grand Rapids Woodworkers / Wheeling Stogies | 69 | 64 | .519 | 12.5 | George Ellis / Bill White |
| Indianapolis Hoosiers | 60 | 78 | .435 | 24.0 | Bill Watkins |
| Columbus Senators | 54 | 86 | .386 | 31.0 | Frank Metz / Jim Gardner Ed Zinram |
| Marion | 51 | 88 | .367 | 33.5 | Pat Wright |
Grand Rapids (22-13) moved to Wheeling June 3; Louisville (38-23) moved to Grand Rapids July 2.
| Player | Team | Stat | Tot | Player | Team | Stat | Tot | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tuck Turner | Toledo | BA | .348 | Harvey Bailey | Louisviile/Grand Rapids | W | 35 | |
| Pat Meaney | Mansfield | Hits | 181 | Alfred Pardee | Toledo | SO | 237 | |
| Natty Nattress | Fort Wayne | Runs | 124 | Archie Stimmell | Indianapolis | PCT | .778 14-4 | |
| Tuck Turner | Toledo | HR | 14 | |||||
| Dusty Miller | Toledo | SB | 52 | |||||
| George Smith | Dayton | SB | 52 |
1905 Western Association
Teams in Joplin, Missouri, Leavenworth, Kansas, Sedalia, Missouri, Springfield, Missouri, and Topeka, Kansas joined from the Missouri Valley League. Teams from Guthrie, Oklahoma, and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma joined from the Southwestern League. A new team in Wichita, Kansas formed and joined the league.
| Team name | Record |
| Wichita Jobbers | 79–56 |
| Oklahoma City Mets | 77–58 |
| Leavenworth Orioles | 75–59 |
| Sedalia Goldbugs | 70–64 |
| Guthrie Senators | 66–70 |
| Joplin Miners | 65–73 |
| Topeka White Sox | 54–80 |
| Springfield Highlanders | 54–80 |
1906 Western Association
The teams in Guthrie and Sedalia folded. The St. Joseph, Missouri team moved from the Western League. A new team in Webb City, Missouri formed and joined the league. The St. Joseph team, with a record of 16–24, moved to Hutchinson, Kansas, on July 12, where their record was 39–60.
| Team name | Record |
| Topeka White Sox | 82–56 |
| Joplin Miners | 75–62 |
| Wichita Jobbers | 75–65 |
| Springfield Midgets | 72–67 |
| Oklahoma City Mets | 70–69 |
| Leavenworth Old Soldiers | 68–72 |
| Webb City Gold Bugs | 57–79 |
| St. Joseph Packers/Hutchinson Salt Packers | 55–84 |
1907 Western Association
| Team name | Record |
| Wichita Jobbers | 98–35 |
| Oklahoma City Mets | 86–54 |
| Hutchinson Salt Packers | 77–59 |
| Topeka White Sox | 75–65 |
| Joplin Miners | 71–64 |
| Webb City Goldbugs | 65–70 |
| Springfield Midgets | 46–92 |
| Leavenworth Convicts | 29–108 |
1908 Western Association
The Leavenworth team folded, and a new team in Enid, Oklahoma, formed and joined the league.
| Team name | Record |
| Topeka Jayhawkers | 89–50 |
| Wichita Jobbers | 87–53 |
| Oklahoma City Mets | 81–58 |
| Joplin Miners | 71–65 |
| Hutchinson Salt Packers | 69–70 |
| Webb City Webfeet | 66–69 |
| Springfield Midgets | 48–85 |
| Enid Railroaders | 38–99 |
1909 Western Association
Topeka and Wichita moved to the Western League. Oklahoma City moved to the Texas League. Hutchinson moved to the Kansas State League. Bartlesville, Oklahoma, and Muskogee, Oklahoma, joined from the Oklahoma–Kansas League. New teams in Guthrie, Oklahoma, and Pittsburg, Kansas formed and joined the league. The Joplin team, with a record of 20–43, moved to El Reno, Oklahoma on July 4, where their record was 16–46. The Webb City team, with a record of 35–39, moved to Sapulpa, Oklahoma on July 18, where their record was 29–20.
| Team name | Record |
| Enid Railroaders | 82–44 |
| Muskogee Navigators | 74–51 |
| Guthrie Senators | 70–55 |
| Bartlesville Boosters | 66–59 |
| Webb City Webfeet/Sapulpa Oilers | 64–59 |
| Springfield Midgets | 56–70 |
| Pittsburg Pirates | 52–73 |
| Joplin Miners / El Reno Packers | 36–89 |
1910 Western Association
The Pittsburg and Springfield teams folded. New teams in Joplin, Missouri, and Tulsa, Oklahoma, formed and joined the league. The Muskogee and Tulsa teams both folded on July 22, and the Bartlesville and El Reno teams both folded on July 31.
| Team name | Record |
| Joplin Miners | 90–34 |
| Enid Railroaders | 64–53 |
| Sapulpa Oilers | 65–61 |
| Guthrie Senators | 47–73 |
| El Reno Packers | 65–43 |
| Bartlesville Boosters | 51–51 |
| Muskogee Navigators | 36–63 |
| Tulsa Oilers | 28–68 |
1911 Western Association
The teams in Enid and Guthrie folded. New teams in Coffeyville, Kansas, Fort Smith, Arkansas, Independence, Kansas, Muskogee, Oklahoma, and Tulsa, Oklahoma formed and joined the league. The Joplin and Springfield teams folded May 10, the Coffeyville and Independence teams June 14, and all other teams and the league itself on June 19.
| Team name | Record |
| Fort Smith Scouts | 29–14 (1st half winner) |
| Muskogee Redskins | 23–21 (2nd half winner) |
| Sapulpa Oilers | 23–21 |
| Tulsa Railroaders | 20–25 |
| Independence Packers | 15–22 |
| Coffeyville White Sox | 15–24 |
| Joplin Miners | 3–2 |
| Springfield Jobbers | 2–3 |
1914 Western Association
New teams in Fort Smith, Arkansas, Joplin, Missouri/Webb City, Missouri, McAlester, Oklahoma, Muskogee, Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and Tulsa, Oklahoma formed and created the new league.
1914
Joplin-Webb City, with a record of 22–46, moved to Guthrie, Oklahoma on July 10, where they had a record of 2–10, and then to Henryetta, Oklahoma on July 22, where they had a record of 11–36.
| Team name | Record |
| Tulsa Oilers | 74–49 |
| Oklahoma City Boosters | 75–52 (1st half winner) |
| Fort Smith Twins | 73–52 |
| Muskogee Mets | 74–54 (2nd half winner) |
| McAlester Miners | 47–79 |
| Joplin-Webb City Miners/Guthrie Senators/Henryetta Boosters | 35–92 |
Oklahoma City beat Muskogee 4 games to 2 for the championship.
1915 Western Association
Henryetta folded. Teams from Denison, Texas, and Paris, Texas, joined from the Texas–Oklahoma League. A new team formed in Sherman, Texas, and joined the league.
| Team name | Record |
| Denison Railroaders | 76–53 |
| Oklahoma City Senators | 76–62 |
| Sherman Hitters | 70–65 |
| Muskogee Mets | 68–66 |
| Paris Red Snappers | 66–66 |
| Tulsa Producers | 63–71 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 61–75 |
| McAlester Miners | 57–79 |
Oklahoma City beat Muskogee 4 games to 3 for the championship.
1916 Western Association
| Team name | Record |
| Denison Railroaders | 86–49 (1st half winner) |
| Tulsa Producers | 80–58 (2nd half winner) |
| McAlester Miners | 79–58 |
| Oklahoma City Senators | 64–73 |
| Muskogee Mets | 63–77 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 61–76 |
| Sherman Lions | 61–76 |
| Paris Survivors | 56–83 |
Denison beat Tulsa 4 games to 2 for the championship.
1917 Western Association
Paris, with a record of 16–12, moved to Ardmore, Oklahoma, on May 10, where they had a record of 41–86.
| Team name | Record |
| McAlester Miners | 95–57 |
| Muskogee Reds | 89–69 |
| Sherman Browns | 80–72 |
| Denison Railroaders | 79–75 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 77–82 |
| Oklahoma City Boosters | 72–80 |
| Tulsa Producers | 68–84 |
| Paris Athletics/Ardmore Foundlings | 57–98 |
All teams, and the league itself, folded.
1920 Western Association
New teams in Chickasha, Oklahoma, Drumright, Oklahoma, Enid, Oklahoma, Fort Smith, Arkansas, Henryetta, Oklahoma, Okmulgee, Oklahoma, Pawhuska, Oklahoma, and Springfield, Missouri were formed. The new American Association was formed. The team with the best record in the first half of the season played against the team with the best record in the second half of the season for the championship.
1920
| Team name | Record |
| Okmulgree Drillers | 83–46 (1st half winner) |
| Fort Smith Twins | 80–58 |
| Enid Harvesters | 71–53 (2nd half winner) |
| Henryetta Hens | 75–56 |
| Drumright Drummers | 66–62 |
| Springfield Merchants | 58–76 |
| Chickasha Chicks | 52–72 |
| Pawhuska Huskers | 33–95 |
Enid and Okmulgee tied 3 games to 3 in the championship round.
1921 Western Association
| Team name | Record |
| Springfield Midgets | 85–60 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 83–61 (2nd half winner) |
| Henryetta Hens | 77–66 |
| Pawhuska Huskers | 76–71 |
| Enid Harvesters | 77–74 |
| Chickasha Chicks | 74–74 (1st half winner) |
| Okmulgee Drillers | 71–76 |
| Drumright Oilers | 44–105 |
Chickasha beat Fort Smith 4 games to 3 for the championship. Springifled beat Independence (of the Southwestern League) 2 games to 1 Ardmore (of the Texas–Oklahoma League) beat Chickasha 2 games to none
1922 Western Association
Chickasha moved to the Oklahoma State League. Drumright folded. The team from Joplin, Missouri joined from the Western League, and a new team in McAlester, Oklahoma formed and joined. The Pawhuska team folded on August 16, forfeiting the remainder of their games.
| Team name | Record |
| Enid Harvesters | 104–27 (2nd half winner) |
| Joplin Miners | 93–42 (1st half winner) |
| Henryetta Hens | 74–56 |
| Springfield Midgets | 68–69 |
| Okmulgee Drillers | 56–79 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 54–79 |
| McAlester Miners | 49–82 |
| Pawhuska Osages | 29–93 |
1923 Western Association
The team from Ardmore, Oklahoma joined from the Texas–Oklahoma League. The team in McAlester folded July 19, and the Henryetta team folded July 21.
| Team name | Record |
| Joplin Miners | 83–60 |
| Ardmore Snappers | 82–60 (2nd half winner) |
| Okmulgee Drillers | 81–63 (1st half winner) |
| Enid Harvesters | 80–65 |
| Springfield Midgets | 70–74 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 53–92 |
| Henryetta Hens | 43–38 |
| McAlester Diggers | 27–57 |
Ardmore beat Okmulgee 4 games to 2 for the championship.
1924 Western Association
Ardmore moved to the Oklahoma State League, and Enid moved to the Southwestern League. Teams from Bartlesville, Oklahoma, Hutchinson, Kansas, Muskogee, Oklahoma, and Topeka, Kansas, joined from the Southwestern League. The Bartlesville team, with a record of 19–23, moved to Ardmore, Oklahoma on June 8, where their record was 56–59. The Joplin team, with a record of 25–24, moved to Bartlesville on June 16, where their record was 44–63.
| Team name | Record |
| Okmulgee Drillers | 110–48 (1st half & 2nd half winner) |
| Fort Smith Twins | 97–63 |
| Muskogee Athletics | 97–65 |
| Hutchinson Wheat Shockers | 81–80 |
| Bartlesville Bearcats/Ardmore Bearcats | 75–82 |
| Joplin Miners/Bartlesville Boosters | 69–87 |
| Topeka Senators | 59–98 |
| Springfield Midgets | 47–112 |
1925 Western Association
The teams in Bartlesville and Hutchinson folded. Topeka moved to the Southwestern League. A new team in Independence, Kansas, formed and joined the league.
| Team name | Record |
| Fort Smith Twins | 94–56 |
| Ardmore Boomers | 86–64 (1st half winner) |
| Okmulgee Drillers | 80–71 |
| Muskogee Athletics | 79–72 (2nd half winner) |
| Springfield Midgets | 67–82 |
| Independence Producers | 44–105 |
Ardmore beat Muskogee 4 games to 1 for the title.
1926 Western Association
The team in Independence folded. A new team in McAlester, Oklahoma, formed and joined the league. Ardmore moved to Joplin, Missouri on July 14. The teams in McAlester and Muskogee folded on July 20.
| Team name | Record |
| Springfield Midgets | 92–66 (1st half winner) |
| Fort Smith Twins | 92–68 |
| Ardmore Boomers/Joplin Ozarks | 77–81 |
| Okmulgee Drillers | 73–85 |
| Muskogee Athletics | 51–45 |
| McAlester Miners | 28–68 |
1927 Western Association
The team in Joplin folded. A team from St. Joseph, Missouri, joined from the Western League, and one from Topeka, Kansas joined from the Southwestern League. A new team in Muskogee, Oklahoma, formed and joined the league. The team in St. Joseph, with a record of 38–32, moved to Joplin on July 7, where their record was 35–28.
| Team name | Record |
| Fort Smith Twins | 81–51 |
| Topeka Jayhawks | 74–58 |
| St. Joseph Saints/Joplin Miners | 73–60 |
| Springfield Midgets | 63–69 |
| Okmulgee Drillers | 57–75 |
| Muskogee Chiefs | 48–83 |
1928 Western Association
The team in Okmulgee folded, and a new team in Independence, Kansas, formed and joined the league.
| Team name | Record |
| Fort Smith Twins | 74–63 |
| Topeka Jayhawks | 70–61 |
| Joplin Miners | 70–65 (1st half winner) |
| Independence Producers | 66–67 (2nd half winner) |
| Springfield Midgets | 61–66 |
| Muskogee Chiefs | 58–77 |
Joplin beat Independence 4 games to 2 for the title.
1929 Western Association
Topeka moved to the Western League. A new team in Shawnee, Oklahoma, formed and joined the league. The Muskogee team moved to Maud, Oklahoma, on August 22.
| Team name | Record |
| Fort Smith Twins | 88–59 (2nd half winner) |
| Shawnee Robins | 87–61 (1st half winner) |
| Springfield Midgets | 71–77 |
| Independence Producers | 71–78 |
| Joplin Miners | 60–82 |
| Muskogee Chiefs/Maud Chiefs | 61–89 |
1930 Western Association
The Maud team moved back to Muskogee, Oklahoma.
The Independence Producers played the first Night game in the history of Organized Baseball.
| Team name | Record |
| Independence Producers | 76–56 (2nd half winner) |
| Joplin Miners | 76–59 (1st half winner) |
| Shawnee Robins | 65–71 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 64–72 |
| Springfield Midgets | 64–73 |
| Muskogee Chiefs | 60–74 |
Independence beat Joplin 5 games to 4 for the title.
1931 Western Association
The Shawnee team folded. A new team in Bartlesville, Oklahoma formed.
| Team name | Record |
| Springfield Red Wings | 87–57 (1st & 2nd half winner) |
| Joplin Miners | 80–62 |
| Independence Producers | 77–69 |
| Fort Smith Twins | 74–76 |
| Muskogee Chiefs | 64–86 |
| Bartlesville Broncos | 59–91 |
1932 Western Association
The Joplin team, with a record of 2–1, moved to Topeka, Kansas, on May 6, where their record was 36–37. The Independence team, with a record of 12–10, moved to Joplin, Missouri, on May 23, where their record was 7–10, to Independence, Kansas, again on June 10, where their record was 4–12, and finally to Hutchinson, Kansas, on July 20, where their record was 35–36. The Muskogee team, with a record of 18–16, moved to Hutchinson, Kansas, where their record was 19–32, on June 8, and folded on July 18. The Fort Smith team, with a record of 23–29, moved to Muskogee on July 1, where their record was 25–51. The Topeka team folded July 18.
| Team name | Affiliation | Record |
| Springfield Cardinals | St. Louis Cardinals | 79–51 (1st half winner) |
| Bartlesville Broncos | 77–52 (2nd half winner) | |
| Independence Producers/Joplin Miners/Independence/Hutchinson | 58–68 | |
| Fort Smith Twins/Muskogee Chiefs | St. Louis Browns | 48–80 |
| Joplin Miners/Topeka Jayhawks | 38–38 | |
| Muskogee Chiefs/Hutchinson Wheat Shockers | 37–48 |
Springfield beat Bartlesville 5 games to 4 for the title. The Atchinson and Springfield teams moved to the Western League. The Belleville and Muskogee teams, and the Western Association itself, folded.
1934 Western Association
The new League and all six member teams were created. The season was broken into halves, with the first half and second–half winners competing in the championship. The founding teams were in Bartlesville, Oklahoma; Hutchinson, Kansas; Joplin, Missouri; Muskogee, Oklahoma; Ponca City, Oklahoma; Springfield, Missouri.[2]
| Team name | Affiliation (if any) | Final record |
| Springfield Red Wings | St. Louis Cardinals | 76–58 (1st half tie) (2nd half winner) |
| Ponca City Angels | Chicago Cubs | 73–61 (1st half tie) |
| Joplin Miners | Boston Red Sox | 66–68 |
| Hutchinson Larks | 66–68 | |
| Bartlesville Reds | Cincinnati Reds | 63–69 |
| Muskogee Tigers | 56–76 |
Ponca City defeated Springfield in a one-game playoff for the first-half title. Springfield defeated Ponca City 4 games to 3 for the league title.
1935 Western Association
Springfield changed their name to the "Cardinals".
| Springfield Cardinals | St. Louis Cardinals | 87–48 (1st half title) |
| Ponca City Angels | Chicago Cubs | 76–55 (2nd half title) |
| Hutchinson Larks | St. Louis Cardinals | 68–61 |
| Muskogee Tigers | 60–71 | |
| Bartlesville Reds | Cincinnati Reds | 56–79 |
| Joplin Miners | New York Yankees | 48–81 |
Ponca City beat Springfield 5 games to 4 for the championship.
1936 Western Association
| Ponca City Angels | Chicago Cubs | 87–57 (2nd half title) |
| Joplin Miners | New York Yankees | 83–58 (1st half title) |
| Hutchinson Larks | Pittsburgh Pirates | 79–65 |
| Springfield Cardinals | St. Louis Cardinals | 64–78 |
| Muskogee Tigers | Brooklyn Dodgers | 61–80 |
| Bartlesville Bucs | 53–81 |
Ponca City won the title over Joplin 5 games to 2.
1937 Western Association
Joplin beat Muskogee 4 games to 3 and Springfield beat Hutchinson 3 games to 1 in the first round of playoffs. Springfield beat Joplin 4 games to 3 for the title.
1938 Western Association
New teams in Fort Smith, Arkansas and Salina, Kansas were formed.
Ponca City beat Fort Smith 3 games to 1, and Hutchinson beat Springfield 3 games to 2, in the first round of the playoffs. Ponca City beat Hutchinson 4 games to 1 for the championship.
1939 Western Association
Ponca City moved to St. Joseph, Missouri. Bartlesville folded. A new team formed in Topeka, Kansas.
1940 Western Association
Fort Smith beat Muskogee 3 games to none, and St. Joseph beat Topeka 3 games to 1, in the first round of the playoffs. St. Joseph beat Fort Smith 3 games to none for the championship.
1941 Western Association
On June 3, the St. Joseph Ponies (10–22) moved to Carthage, Missouri and became the Carthage Browns and an affiliate of the St. Louis Browns. They had a record of 30–74 in Carthage, and ended in last place.
1942 Western Association
The two teams with the worst records of the previous year, Carthage and Salina, folded. The league returned to a 1st-half vs. 2nd-half winners championship format.
| Topeka Owls | 80–53 (2nd half winners) | |
| Muskogee Reds | 76–58 | |
| Fort Smith Giants | New York Giants | 68–63 (1st half winners) |
| Springfield Cardinals | St. Louis Cardinals | 62–70 |
| Joplin Miners | New York Yankees | 59–75 |
| Hutchinson Pirates | Pittsburgh Pirates | 50–76 |
Fort Smith beat Topeka 4 games to 3 for the title.
1943–1945 The League suspended play because of World War II.
1946 Western Association
Springfield moved to St. Joseph. New teams formed in Leavenworth, Kansas and Salina, Kansas. Because of the playoff format, the team with the best overall record, the newly formed Leavenworth Braves, did not qualify for the playoffs.
| Leavenworth Braves | Boston Braves | 76–57 |
| Hutchinson Cubs | Chicago Cubs | 73–56 (2nd half winner) |
| St. Joseph Cardinals | St. Louis Cardinals | 75–62 |
| Muskogee Reds | Detroit Tigers | 75–64 |
| Fort Smith Giants | New York Giants | 67–63 (1st half winner) |
| Joplin Miners | New York Yankees | 61–73 |
| Topeka Owls | 53–79 | |
| Salina Blue Jays | Philadelphia Phillies | 51–77 |
Hutchinson beat Fort Smith 4 games to 2 for the title.
1947 Western Association
The playoffs format was changed again this year.
Muskogee beat Salina 3 games to 2, and St. Joseph beat Topeka 3 games to 2, in the first round of the playoffs. St. Joseph beat Muskogee 4 games to 3 for the championship.
1948 Western Association
The Hutchinson Cubs moved to Springfield, Illinois on July 21. Their record after the move, of 18–45, was worse than their record in Hutchinson, 25–42. No playoff system is known of for this year, so presumably the best overall record is the league champion.
1949 Western Association
Springfield moved back to Hutchinson again, changing their name and losing their affiliation. This season, St. Joseph had the best winning percentage in the history of this incarnation of the league. Perhaps coincidentally, Leavenworth had the worst winning percentage in the history of this version of the league in the same year.
1950 Western Association'
Leavenworth, who ended the previous year with the all–time worst winning percentage in this incarnation of the league, folded. Fort Smith moved to Enid, Oklahoma and a new club from Springfield, Missouri joined.
1951 Western Association
Springfield folded, and a new team started up in Fort Smith.
1952 Western Association
This year, the league returned to the 1st-half winner vs. 2nd-half winner playoff format.
| Joplin Miners | New York Yankees | 87–52 (2nd half winner) |
| Muskogee Giants | New York Giants | 73–66 (1st half winner) |
| Hutchinson Elks | Pittsburgh Pirates | 70–66 |
| Topeka Owls | Chicago Cubs | 63–76 |
| Salina Blue Jays | Philadelphia Phillies | 61–77 |
| Fort Smith Indians | Cleveland Indians | 60–77 |
1953 Western Association
Salina folded, having made the playoffs only once in its seven years of existence. The Fort Smith Indians changed their name to the Fort Smith–Van Buren Twins, and a new team started in St. Joseph, Missouri with a bang.
St. Joseph beat Joplin and Hutchinson beat Topeka in the first rounds of the playoffs by 3 games to zero each. Hutchinson beat St. Joseph for the championship 4 games to 1.
1954 Western Association
After having changed its name and finishing with the worst record in the league the previous season, Fort Smith folded. New teams started up in Blackwell, Oklahoma, Iola, Kansas, and Ponca City, Oklahoma.
Blackwell beat Topeka 3 games to zero, and St. Joseph beat Muskogee 3 games to 2 in the first round of the playoffs. Blackwell beat St. Joseph 4 games to 1 for the title. After the season, Blackwell joined the Sooner State League, and the other seven teams, and the league itself, folded.
The Western Association prospered during the minor league baseball boom that followed World War II, with its clubs in Topeka, Kansas, and St. Joseph, Missouri, drawing over 100,000 fans and most of its eight clubs tied to major league farm systems. But the bust that followed in the early 1950s, caused by the Korean War, the advent of television, and a retrenchment in MLB farm systems, also buffeted the WA. It finally disbanded after the 1954 season, its champion Topeka club, a Chicago White Sox affiliate, drawing half the number of fans the team had drawn during the late 1940s.[2]
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