This is a list of notable brown dwarfs. These are objects that have masses between heavy gas giants and low-mass stars.[1] The first isolated brown dwarf discovered was Teide 1 in 1995.[2] The first brown dwarf discovered orbiting a star was Gliese 229 B, also discovered in 1995.[3] The first brown dwarf found to have a planet was 2M1207, discovered in 2004.[4] As of 2015, more than 2,800 brown dwarfs have been identified.[5] An isolated object with less than about 13 Jupiter masses is technically a sub-brown dwarf or rogue planet.

Because the mass of a brown dwarf is between that of a planet and that of a star, they have also been called planetars or hyperjovians. Various catalog designations have been used to name brown dwarfs. Brown dwarfs with names ending in a letter such as B, C, or D are in orbit around a primary star; those with names ending in a lower-case letter such as b, c, or d, may be exoplanets (see Exoplanet naming convention).

Some exoplanets, especially those detected by radial velocity, can turn out to be brown dwarfs if their mass is higher than originally thought: most have only known minimum masses because the inclination of their orbit is not known. Examples include HD 114762 b (>11.68 MJ), Pi Mensae b (>10.312 MJ), and NGC 2423-3 b (>10.6 MJ).

A complete list of more than 3000 ultracool dwarfs, which includes brown dwarfs and low-mass stars, is being maintained by astronomers. It is called the UltracoolSheet.[6] The same team also produced a list of 1000 ultracool dwarfs with their mass being determined.[7]

Confirmed brown dwarfs orbiting primary stars

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Perspective

Sorted by increasing right ascension of the parent star. Brown dwarfs within a system sorted by increasing orbital period.

Some brown dwarfs listed could still be massive planets.

More information Star, Constellation ...
Star Constellation Right
ascension
Declination App.
mag.
Distance (ly) Spectral
type
Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ)
Radius
(RJ)
Orbital
period

(d)
Semimajor
axis

(AU)
Ecc. Discovery
year
54 PisciumPisces00h 39m 22s+21° 15 025.8836.1K0V+T7.5 B45.96 ±4.05[7]0.85[7]4762006
81 CancriCancer09h 12m 14.69s14°  59   39.66.7766G9V+L8CD8802001
HD 63754 Puppis 07h 49m 45s 20° 12 27 6.55 163.6 G0V + L/T b 81.9 0.86 26,791 16.9 0.26 2024
CT ChamaeleontisChamaeleon11h 04m 09s–76° 27 1912.36538K7+M8 b172.24402008
HD 984 Cetus 00h 14m 10.25s −07° 11 56.82 7

.32

149.1 F7V b 61 1.576 51,100 28 0.76 2015
Eta Coronae BorealisCorona Borealis15h 23m 22.6s30° 14 565.0258.3G2+G2+L8 C44.00 ±6.46[7]0.95[7]36002010
G 196-3Ursa Major10h 04m 22s+50° 23 2311.7750.2M2.5+L3β b31.66 ±7.19[7]1.18[7]3001998
Gliese 570Libra14h 57m 28s−21° 24 565.6419.0K4V+
M1V+M3V
D32.54 ±6.01[7]0.93[7]15002000
GU PisciumPisces01h 12m 35.04s+17° 03 55.713.1155.3M3V+T3.5 b1120002006
HD 89744Ursa Major10h 22m 10.56s+41° 13 46.315.74126.2F7IV B2000
HD 100546Musca11h 33m 25s–70° 11 416.70337.25B9Vne b206.5?2005
HN PegasiPegasus21h 44m 28.46s+14° 46 7.858.3G0V+T2.5 B17.06 ±6.9[7]1.14[7]7952006
UScoCTIO 108Scorpius16h 05m 54s–18° 18 43473M7 b146702007
HD 41004 BPictor05h 59m 50s–48° 14 2312.33139K1IV+M2 b18.41.32830.01770.0812004
CoRoT-15Monoceros06h 28m 27.81s+6° 11 10.522F7V b63.41.123.060360.04502010
Xi Ursae Majoris BUrsa Major11h 18m 12s+31° 32 154.7325.11F8.5V b373.980.0601931
Upsilon AndromedaeAndromeda01h 36m 48s+41° 24 204.6343.9F8V Samh13.98237.70.8220.2241999
Gliese 758Lyra19h 23m 34s+33° 13 196.3651.9G8V+T9 B2396212009
Tau GeminorumGemini07h 11m 08s+30° 14 434.40302K2III b18.13052004
HAT-P-13Ursa Major08h 39m 32s+47° 21 0710.62698G4 c15.2428.51.1860.6912009
HD 16760Perseus02h 42m 21s+38° 37 078.74163G5V b14.3465.11.130.0672009
HD 13189Triangulum02h 09m 40s+32° 18 597.57603.4K2II b14471.61.850.282005
HD 8673Andromeda01h 26m 09s+34° 34 476.31124.75F7V b146391.582005
Gliese 569Boötes14h 54m 29s+16° 06 0410.231.5M3V+M8.5 Ba + Bb116[8]870[8]0.87[8]0.317[8]1988[9]
HD 29587Perseus04h 41m 34s+42° 07 257.29146.77G2V b401471.72.50.371996
ChaHα8Chamaeleon11h 07m 48s−77° 40 0820.1522M6.5 b181590.910.492007
CoRoT-20Monoceros06h 30m 55.3s+0° 13 3714.664000G2V c1716752.90.62010
HD 168443Serpens18h 20m 04s–09° 35 346.92123.5G5 c341739.52.870.2282001
HD 38529 AOrion05h 46m 34s+01° 10 055.94138G4IV c372174.33.680.362002
Epsilon IndiIndus22h 03m 22s–56° 47 094.6911.8K5V+T1V+T6V Bb285478.752.652003
HW VirginisVirgo12h 44m 20s−08° 40 1710.9590sdB+M b19.2357865.300.462008
DT VirginisVirgo13h 0m 41.74s12°  21   14.79.7237.55M0V+T8.5p c10.29 ±2.46[7]1.15[7]3308111002010
HD 4113Sculptor00h 43m 12.60s−37° 58 57.487.88136G5V+T9 C6073000202006
Gliese 229Lepus06h 10m 35s–21° 51 428.1419M1V+T6.5B4073050401995
TYC 9486-927-1Octans21h 26m 50.4s-81° 40 29.311.82111M1V+L3γ2MASS J2126-814013.3 ± 1.732872500069002009
Epsilon IndiIndus22h 03m 22s–56° 47 094.6911.8K5V+T1V+T6V Ba471532899.82003
HD 131664Apus15h 00m 06s−73° 32 078.13180.8G3V b18.1519513.170.6382008
HD 136118Serpens15h 18m 55s−01° 35 326.94171F9V b4212091.450.3522002
HD 140913Corona Borealis15h 45m 07s+28° 28 128.07156.42G0V b46147.940.540.611996
GQ Lupi bLupus15h 49m 12s–35° 39 0311.4400K7eV+M9e b1–421.81032005
HD 162020Scorpius17h 50m 38s–40° 19 069.18101.95K2V b15.08.4281980.07510.2772000
Nu OphiuchiOphiuchus17h 59m 01s−09° 46 253.33152.8K0III b21.95360.132004
HD 164427Telescopium18h 04m 43s−59° 12 356.89127.52G4IV b46108.550.460.552000
SCR 1845-6357Pavo18h 45m 07s−63° 57 4317.412.57M8.5V B40-504.12006
COROT-3Aquila19h 28m 13s+00° 07 1913.32220G0V b21.661.014.25680.05702008
V921 Scorpii[10] Scorpius 16h 59m 07.0s −42° 42 09.0 11.0 4833 B0IVe b 60 835 2019
15 SagittaeSagitta20h 04m 06s+17° 04 135.8057.7G1V+L4-5 B65142002
Zeta DelphiniDelphinus20h 35m 19s+14° 40 274.65220A3V+L5 B559102014
HD 202206Capricornus21h 14m 58s–20° 47 208.08151.14G6V b17.4255.870.830.4352000
Koenigstuhl1[7][11] Phoenix 00h 21m 10.74s –42° 45 40.2 15.3 87.4 M5.5V+L0.6V B 51.88 ±3.6 1.18 2083.4 1998
HD 126053[7][12] Virgo 14h 23m 15.28s +01° 14 29.6 6.3 56.9 G1+T8p B 34.29 ±18.38 0.91 2630 2012
47 Ophiuchi[7][13] Ophiuchus 17h 26m 37.88s −05° 05 11.8 4.5 105.3 F3+L5.5 B 69.66 ±0.88 0.93 8850 2014
Wolf 1130 Cygnus 20h 05m 02.20s +54° 26 03.2 13.9 54.1 sdM3+ONe+sdT8 C 44.9 0.82 3150 2013
Close

Confirmed brown dwarf orbiting stellar remnants

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Perspective

A stellar remnant can be for example a white dwarf, a pulsar or a black hole. Objects with a mass of a brown dwarf, but with a history of mass-transfer might not be brown dwarfs. If they exist as a period bouncer around a white dwarf they are thought to once have been stars and are today "brown dwarf-like objects".[14] Objects around black widow pulsars on the other hand are thought to be white dwarfs that lost mass to the pulsar and therefore will differ in composition and density compared to brown dwarfs.[15] This list is sorted after the discovery year.

More information Star, Constellation ...
Star Constellation Right
ascension
Declination App.
mag.
Distance (ly) Spectral
type
Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ)
Radius
(RJ)
Orbital
period

(d)
Semimajor
axis

(AU)
Ecc. Discovery
year
GD 165Boötes14h 24m 39.144s9° 17 13.9814.6103D4A+L4 B76.12 ±1.04[7]0.91[7]1231988
WD 0137-349 Sculptor 01h 39m 43s −34° 42 39 15.33 330 DA+L8 B 53 0.0803 0.0030 0 2006
PHL 5038 Aquarius 22h 20m 30.70s −00° 41 07.5 17.3 240 DAZ+L8-9 B 73 66 2006
SDSS J1433 (mass transfer)[16][17] Boötes 14h 33m 17.79s +10° 11 23.49 18.9 760 WD+L1 B 58 ±8 0.054 2008/2016
SDSS 1557 Serpens 15h 57m 20.77s +09° 16 24.6 18.6 500 DAZ+L4 B 66+5
−7
0.095 0.003 2011/2017
QZ Librae (mass transfer)[18] Libra 15h 36m 15.98s −08° 39 07.52 18.8 649 WD+T? B 25-61 0.064 2018
BW Sculptoris (mass transfer)[14] Sculptor 23h 53m 00.87s −38° 51 46.66 16.5 305 D+T B 53.4 ±6.3 0.054 0.0027 1997/2023
Close

Unconfirmed brown dwarfs

Sorted by increasing right ascension of the parent star. Brown dwarfs within a system sorted by increasing orbital period.

Some brown dwarfs listed could still be massive planets.

More information Star, Constellation ...
Star Constellation Right
ascension
Declination App.
mag.
Distance (ly) Spectral
type
Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ)
Radius
(RJ)
Orbital
period

(d)
Semimajor
axis

(AU)
Ecc. Discovery year
CM DraconisDraco16h 34m 27s+57° 09 0012.9048M4 b64730.271998
BD+20°2457Leo10h 16m 45s+19° 53 299.75652K2II b21.42379.631.450.152009
HD 3346Andromeda00h 36m 46s+44° 29 195.16655.58K5III c606502.51996
HD 104304Virgo12h 00m 44s−10° 26 465.5442.1G9 b17.227520.382007
HD 154857Ara17h 11m 16s−56° 40 517.25220G5V c18.42900>0.252007
Gliese 22 BCassiopeia00h 32m 27s+67° 14 0910.38326M2.5V b16~550002008
Close

Field brown dwarfs

Summarize
Perspective

Data updated from[19][20][21] and merged from previous tables

More information Brown dwarf, Constellation ...
Brown dwarf Constellation Right
ascension
Declination App.
mag.
Distance (ly) Spectral
type
Mass
(MJ)
Radius
(RJ)
Discovery
year
2MASS 0036+1821Pisces0h 36m 16.17s18° 21 10.412.4728.6L3.5420.942000
CFBDS J005910.90–011401.3Cetus0h 59m 10.83s−1° 14 1.318.0830T8.5232013
DENIS-P J020529.0−115925ACetus2h 5m 29.401s−11° 59 29.6765L5.51997
DENIS-P J020529.0−115925BCetus2h 5m 29.401s−11° 59 29.6765L81997
DENIS-P J020529.0−115925CCetus2h 5m 29.401s−11° 59 29.6765T01997
2MASS J02431371−2453298Fornax2h 43m 13.71s−24° 53 29.835T6330.992002
WISE J0254+0223Cetus2h 54m 9.45s2° 23 59.116.0124T8651.9n/a
DEN 0255-4700Eridanus2h 55m 3.57s−47° 0 50.922.9216.2L8800.972006
LP 944-20Fornax3h 39m 35.22s−35° 25 4410.72520.9M9β731.43n/a
2MASP J0345432+2540233h 45m 43.16s25° 40 23.388L0741.051997
Teide 1Taurus3h 47m 18s+24° 22 31380M8553.781995
2MASS J03552337+1133437Taurus3h 55m 23.37s11° 33 43.714.0529.8L5γ201.322006
2MASS J04151954−0935066Eridanus4h 15m 19.54s−9° 35 6.615.718.6T8300.952002
2MASS J04390101-2353083 [de]Eridanus4h 39m 1.01s−23° 53 8.329.5L6.5480.972003
2MASS J04414489+23015134h 41m 44.9s23° 1 58.07470M8.5192010
2MASS J0523−1403Lepus5h 23m 38.22s−14° 3 2.240L2.5681.01n/a
2MASS 0532+8246Camelopardalis5h 32m 53.46s82° 46 46.581L7832018
UGPS J072227.51-054031.2Monoceros7h 22m 27.6s−05° 40 38.413.4T9260.982010
DENIS J081730.0-615520Carina8h 17m 30.01s−61° 55 15.813.616.1T6440.942010
DENIS J082303.1−491201AVela8h 23m 3.13s−49° 12 1.367L1.5442006
DENIS J082303.1−491201BVela8h 23m 3.13s−49° 12 1.367L5.5282006
2MASSW J0920122+351742Lynx9h 20m 12.23s35° 17 42.995L6.52000
2MASSI J0937347+293142Leo9h 37m 34.87s29° 31 40.920.0T6p420.942002
2MASS 0939−2448Antlia9h 39m 35.48s−24° 48 27.916.8317.4T8320.952005
Luhman 16BVela10h 49m 18.91s−53° 19 106.516T1431.022013
Luhman 16AVela10h 49m 18.91s−53° 19 106.516L8401.012013
DENIS-P J1058.7−1548Crater10h 58m 47.87s−15° 48 17.214.15549L3641.001997
Cha 110913-773444Chamaeleon11h 9m 14s–77° 34 4521.59163L81.82005
OTS 44Chamaeleon11h 10m 12s–76° 32 13554M9.5V152005
2MASS J11145133−2618235Hydra11h 14m 51.33s−26° 18 23.515.8618.2T7.5330.962005
DENIS-P J1228.2-1547Corvus12h 28m 15.23s−15° 47 34.214.3866L51999
2M 1237+6526Draco12h 37m 39.19s65° 26 14.816.0545.6T6.5410.942003
Kelu-1AHydra13h 5m 40.2s−25° 41 661L2630.981997
Kelu-1BHydra13h 5m 40.2s−25° 41 661L4580.981997
LHS 2924Boötes14h 28m 43.23s+33° 10 39.119.7438.5M9V761.06
CFBDSIR 1458+10ABoötes14h 58m 29.0s+10° 13 4319.83104T911.11.52010
CFBDSIR 1458+10BBoötes14h 58m 29.0s+10° 13 4321.85104Y091.32010
TVLM 513-46546Boötes15h 1m 8.18s+22° 50 215.0935.1M8.5V751.05n/a
2MASS 1503+2525Boötes15h 3m 19.61s25° 25 19.620.7T5440.942003
2MASS 1507−1627Libra15h 7m 47.69s−16° 27 38.61923.9L5600.992000
SDSSp J162414.37+002915.6Serpens16h 24m 14.36s0° 29 15.836T6430.941999
LSR J1835+3259Lyra18h 35m 37.9s32° 59 54.518.2718.5M8.5771.072003
PSO J318.5−22Capricornus21h 14m 8.02s−22° 51 35.880L7VL-G6.51.532013
2MASS J21392676+0220226Aquarius21h 39m 26.77s2° 20 22.714.7132.1T1.5460.96n/a
2MASS J22282889-4310262Grus22h 28m 28.89s−43° 10 26.215.6635T6420.942013
WISE 0146+4234Andromeda1h 46m 56.66s42° 34 10.018.7120.5Y02010
WISE 0226-0211Cetus2h 26m 24s−2° 11 42.5118.9491T72010
WISE 0313+7807Cepheus3h 13m 26.02s78° 7 44.417.6528T8.52010
WISE 0316+4307Perseus3h 16m 24.35s43° 7 9.1106.3T82010
WISE 0350-5658Reticulum3h 50m 0.32s−56° 58 30.222.817.7Y12010
WISE 0359-5401Reticulum3h 59m 34.06s−54° 1 54.621.5619.2Y02010
WISE 0410+1502Taurus4h 10m 22.79s15° 2 47.4719.2520Y061.172010
WISE 0458+6434ACamelopardalis4h 58m 53.93s64° 34 52.7217.5035.9T8.5154.22010
WISE 0458+6434BCamelopardalis4h 58m 53.93s64° 34 52.7218.4835.9T9.5103.82010
WISE 0535-7500Mensa5h 35m 16.8s−75° 0 24.921.147Y12010
WISE 0607+2429Gemini6h 7m 38.65s24° 29 53.514.2225.4L82010
WISE 0647-6232Pictor6h 47m 23.23s−62° 32 39.722.6528Y12010
WISE 0713-2917Canis Major7h 13m 22.55s−29° 17 51.919.6423.2Y02010
WISE 0734-7157Volans7h 34m 44.02s−71° 57 44.020.4134.9Y02010
WISE 1217+1626AComa Berenices12h 17m 56.96s16° 26 39.9818.5934.2T9122010
WISE 1217+1626BComa Berenices12h 17m 56.96s16° 26 39.9820.2634.2Y062010
WISE 1405+5534Ursa Major14h 5m 18.27s55° 34 21.2220.225.3Y0 pec300.862010
WISE 1506+7027Ursa Minor15h 6m 49.89s70° 27 36.2314.3311.1T62010
WISE 1541-2250Libra15h 41m 51.57s−22° 50 25.0321.1620Y0.52010
WISE 1639-6847Triangulum Australe16h 39m 40.83s−68° 47 38.616.3Y02010
WISE 1711+3500Hercules17h 11m 4.59s35° 0 36.7317.8960.3T82010
WISE 1738+2732Hercules17h 38m 35.54s27° 32 58.7819.4720Y02010
WISE 1741+2553Hercules17h 41m 24.22s25° 53 18.9616.5318.9T92010
WISE 1828+2650Lyra18h 28m 31.10s26° 50 37.7923.5736Y22010
WISE 1841+7000Draco18h 41m 24.75s70° 0 38.5417.24131.1T52010
WISE 1952+7240Draco19h 52m 46.61s72° 40 0.6115.0944.4T42010
WISE 2056+1459Delphinus20h 56m 28.88s14° 59 53.6819.2124.5Y02010
WISE 2220-3628Grus22h 20m 55.31s−36° 28 17.420.3826.4Y02010
WISEA 1101+5400 Ursa Major 11h 01m 25.95s +54° 00′ 52.8″ 111 T5.5 2017
2M1510 Libra 15h 10m 47.47s −28° 18′ 18.3″ 120 M9γ+M9γ 2002
Close

Former brown dwarfs

More information Star, Constellation ...
Star Constellation Right
ascension
Declination App.
mag.
Distance (ly) Spectral
type
Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ)
Radius
(RJ)
Orbital
period

(d)
Semimajor
axis

(AU)
Ecc. Discovery year
L 34-26 Chamaeleon 07h 49m 12.71s –76° 42 06.5 35.6 M3Ve[22] COCONUTS-2b 6.3+1.5
−1.9
400000000 7506+5205
2060
2011
Close

See also

References

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