Volkswagen Group W-12 engine
Reciprocating internal combustion engine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reciprocating internal combustion engine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Volkswagen Group have produced a number of W12 internal combustion piston engines for their Volkswagen, Audi, and Bentley marques, since 2001.[1][2]
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| Volkswagen-Audi/Bentley W-12 engine | |
|---|---|
| |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Volkswagen Group |
| Production | 2001-April 2024 |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | 72° W-12 |
| Displacement | 6.0 L (5,998 cc), 6.0 L (5,952 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | 84 mm (3.31 in) |
| Piston stroke | 90.2 mm (3.55 in), 89.5 mm (3.52 in) |
| Valvetrain | 48-valve, DOHC, four-valves per cylinder |
| Compression ratio | 10.7:1 |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Twin-turbocharged |
| Fuel system | Fuel injection |
| Fuel type | Gasoline |
| Oil system | Dry sump |
| Output | |
| Power output | 414–700 hp (309–522 kW) |
| Torque output | 405–750 lb⋅ft (549–1,017 N⋅m) |
| Dimensions | |
| Dry weight | 239 kg (527 lb) |
The only mass-production W12 engine is the Volkswagen 6.0 WR12 48v, a four-bank design which was released in 2001. This engine has been used in several models from the brands Audi, Bentley, and Volkswagen, and in 2003 a turbocharged version was released.
The engine is constructed by mating two narrow-angle 15° VR6 engines at an inclined angle of 72°. The narrow angle of each set of cylinders allows just two overhead camshafts to drive each pair of banks, so the W12 engine has the same number of camshafts as a V12 engine. The W12 engine has a very compact design for a 12-cylinder engine, with the overall size of the 6.0 L (366 cu in) engine being smaller than Volkswagen's contemporary 4.2 L (256 cu in) V8 engine.[3]
The first application of the Volkswagen W12 was the 2001 Volkswagen W12, a mid-engined concept car which set the 24‑hour world endurance record in 2001 with a distance of 7,085.7 kilometres (4,402.8 mi) and an average speed of 295 km/h (183 mph). The first production car to use the W12 engine was the 2001 Audi A8 (D2).[4] Other cars to use the W12 engine are the 2005-present Bentley Continental Flying Spur,[5][6] 2015–present, 2004-2011 Volkswagen Phaeton W12[7] and the 2005-2010 Volkswagen Touareg W12. The engine was also used in the 2006 Spyker C12 La Turbie and 2008 Spyker C12 Zagato low-volume sports cars.
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This W12 badged W12 engine is twelve cylinder W engine of two rows of (staggered) 6 cylinders, formed by joining two imaginary 15° VR6 engine cylinder blocks, placed on a single crankshaft, with each cylinder 'double-bank' now at a 72° angle. This specific configuration is more appropriately described as a WR12 engine.
This Volkswagen Group engine is also used with slight modification, and with the addition of two turbochargers in the, Bentley Continental Flying Spur. It has also been used in a 600 hp (450 kW; 610 PS) form aboard the Volkswagen W12 prototype sports car to establish a 24-hour record of 323 km/h (200.7 mph) in 2002 at the Nardò Ring in Italy.
This engine produces 430 kW (585 PS; 577 bhp) of power and 800 N⋅m (590 lbf⋅ft) of torque. It would mostly share the same technical specifications with its turbocharged 6.0-liter predecessor, other than the fact that it was modified to meet new WLTP emission standards. This new engine was promised to be made available on the fourth generation A8, following S8 and 60 TFSI/TDI models. However, as of August 2020, only examples of the W12 variant were press cars. It is rumoured that the W12 variant is only available as special orders in selected European dealerships.
This engine produces 500 PS (368 kW; 493 bhp) of power and 625 N⋅m (461 lbf⋅ft) of torque. This new engine was made available on the 3rd generation A8. It had more compact dimensions than a comparable V8 engine FSI direct injection with twin high-pressure fuel pumps, twin fuel rails, and six-port high-pressure injectors.
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